The Tepelena exile camp, the chair surrounded by spine wire

Exciting evidence follows many decades of the closure of the Tepelena exile camp, people point to at the time of Albanian isolation for former persecutions surrounded in exile camp by thorn wire.

They speak, pity, painfully remember the timing of a <x0-despotic regime”, which in retaliation had civil freedom denial, rights violations, and often spared no life, the ATSH reports.

But what's left of Tepelena's exile camp, how it started and drew into civic memory today.

The stories come in three, placed in a dramatised background, as the Tepelena Camp was conceived in a mined area, with shells left over from the Italian-Greek war, where the witness had the Vjosa River and the mostly no longer living gels.

Exile camps are listed in dictatorships as death camps for the way they functioned as centers of suffering and isolation, mode of forced labor, malnutrition and torture for most exiles.

One of the most notorious Communist regime camps in Albania was that of Tepelena, even was a <x0fer” true where they suffered thousands of people, women, children and bright figures of the time, such as Cardinal Michel Koliqi, Dr. Ali Erebara, Dr. Mykerem Janina, Professor Ali Cung, Professor Guljem Deda, writer Mithat Arani, academic Laderzi, former Minister of Education Zef Shiroka (brother of Dr. Shiroka) and other intellectually dailys who were fighting between life and death.

The Tepelena exile camp was placed near the Vjosa River in the entrance of Tepelena, on the west side, on the foot of the huge hill that caught the sun's barracks in the camp, where a little farther than that, there was the prison of the joint and another notorious exile camp, that of Turan.

In the Tepelena camp, there were exiles from all over Albania, but mainly dominated by exiles from the north and middle Albania. The arrivals were families of women and children and focused on groups in a barracks where the number of exiles reached up to 300-600. The barracks were placed one after another, bringing the total number of up to 2300 exiles throughout the camp.

Currently, capamons, torture rooms, iron gates guarded by police in the time of communism and evidence of dozens of graves that have been lost, mainly child graves, and the number number reaches 115 tombs, but there is no accurate figure because the death toll is several times larger and suspicious, after it is told of two tombs that have more than 600 graves.

Guardian of Suffering

Neim Pasha sentenced by the communist regime to 21 years in prison, where 15 years were spent in the notorious Spaci prison, indicates that, when I was released from prison, I was brought to Tepelene, stayed in a barracks until I took refuge in this palace at the entrance of the Tepelene camp”.

Coming from prison and stationed at the entrance of Tepelena's notorious camp, it stands as a <x0->roar” of suffering.

Neim says that the Tepelena camp has been cruel, and was crowded with people who came mainly from the north, opponents of the communist regime.

At that time, there was not yet a law on exiles but were taken by tribes and genders, driving them out and into exile camps.

The camp was guarded by police, had torture rooms, and exiles were forced to work in addition to malnutrition.

Maccabrecy has been the motto, the contempt of life, the branding of every freedom.

People tell you, suffering was the cause of the gelatin!

A local resident who doesn't want to expose his name shows that, “I was a soldier just the year that the camp was closed, but those who heard my ears at the time didn't make my mouth sound like”.

“Gra and minor girls were tortured, left without food, forced to work on forced labor. Tortures were inhuman, stripped and beaten savagely, and often even... (s) my mouth made me say)”

One resident relates that: “in 1949, I saw a boy who was more than 8 years old, who just drank water at the fountains, died in the country, that thirst had tortured him for a long time”.

Tepelena records 140 shot, torture saved no one.

According to statistics from the Interior Ministry archive, since 1945, the first year of exile, 260 people, mostly children and elders, died in this camp.

The camp barracks were hugely sized, just a horse barn (carried by Italians) but following each other in a few hundred yards, since they had previously been the warehouse of the Italian army and they could carry more than 300-600 people, having many families with small children taking a seat.

At the Tepelena camp under instructions, all those families labeled by Communist power would be gathered as reactions, cakes, debts, declassified traitors, foreign agents, etc.

In other camps such as Berat, Kuchova, Tepelena, Turan, Porto-Palermo, and later on to Lushnje, the Pillar, Saver, Gradysht, Grabyan, Cherma, Pluk, large families from northern Albania were deported from 1945 to 1990.

While in exile camps in Valias, Kruja, Lozhan, Maliq, Zrinec, from 1945 to 1954, the exiles were mainly from southern Albania.

Many were young and young adults in camp conditions who had been exiled since 1945, at about 12-14, and now were 17-18 years old. Fewer were men because most of them filled prisons.

Eleven,536 families were expelled from major cities and border areas. The notorious Tepelena camp stayed six years and was closed in 1954, when the exiles were all gathered in the field of Lushanna's Michem, distributed in several departments of the farm November 29th.

The history of the thorn - wire camps in Albania belongs to March 1945. Crewe and Berat were the first countries to focus on exiles. Those from the south were sent north and opposite.

The manner of torture the Communist regime used against political opponents was a clear model of the dictatorial countries and mainly of Stalin's regime in Russia, which generally had no order to use, without excluding the possibility that all who have been subjected to torture in exile camps have experienced this torture package used in investigators and prisons of the communist regime.

Exile camps were spread throughout the country, and as a motive they had the suffering, forced labor, but few remained from buildings or signs of exile camps to be a testimony to the dictatorial regime.

In other camps such as Berat, Kuchova, Tepelena, Turan, Porto-Palermo, and later on to Lusnja, the Pillar, Saver, Gradysht, Grabjan, Cherma, Pluk, large families from 1945 to 1990 were deported from northern Albania to Tepelene, from 1950, from those men who had served their initial sentence. According to Interior Ministry statistics, by 1945-1990, a total of 48,217 men and 10,792 women have been exiled. Eleven,536 families were expelled from major cities and border areas. The infamous Tepelena camp remained six years and was closed in 1954.

Part of us were working on the command garden, the rest were waiting and carrying wood to the back of Mount Turan 7km away from where he was and the rest of the most cruel exile camp.

Turan exile camp

Turani's exile camp has been more massive, even residents say it has been even more cruel in Albania, but few have spoken of it.

Pellum Daalan, a resident of the area, relates about Turan's camp, even he says that his mother had told him how much women and children suffered, how many children died and buried on the slope of the hill, and added, “I witnessed where in 1991 a lady came looking for the tomb of her little girl who had died in the camp of Turan. He had buried her alone, and with the help of the inhabitants he was able to take away the baby's bones. With milk and tears he came, and with his heart torn from the land, he fled; for the pain was so great that his mother's heart broke.

As women collected organic fertilizers on the slopes of the Tepelena Mountains and transported them to their backs with rope, some worked with waist, made cell cells, others wore briers on their backs to take them to the kitchen camp, and the briers took them five miles [5 km] from the camp.

The camp had 2,000 people, and the food ration was 80 grams. rice per person 50 grams. Pasta, oatmeal, hole it all with worms, 9 grams. Oil, five grams. salt of 400 grams. bread.

All who died of malnutrition, suffering, torture, or execution at night, tins, and secrecy were buried on the side of the river or on the hilltop camp. During the winter, seized waters erode the graves, removing the bones, they are now gone.

These camps, as you heard from the account of a survivor who is 85 years old today, have been the death camps of the man raised by our deliverers, whom many of them suffered.

Treatment of the Past

Memorials at the Tepelena camp are remembered for those executed by Communism.

August 30th, marks International Missing Day and the Authority for Information on the documents of the former State Security has placed a memorial at the notorious Tepelena camp, where hundreds of people's graves, especially children, lost.

Also, the Municipal Council Tepelena has declared the tasked Work Memorial at the former notorious Tepelena camp as the priority investment facility.

The Albanian government in recent years in its programme has had the treatment of the past, compensation of socialised political prisoners, and in turn received.

Socially over four years of governing political prisoners have received eight installments, two given for 23 years due to the fall of the dictatorship and six installments from the Rama government. The completion of the 8th tranche for all prisoners changes after 70% of the funding allocated from the state budget passes for heirs, while 30% of the funding for those political prisoners who have spent many years in prison.

During these years, two museums have been built in Tirana, Bunk'Art 1 and Bunk's 2, the law was passed to open state security files, as well as to place memory memorials in many places of suffering punishment or capture, such as in Lushnje, Shkodra, and at the Tepelena Camp.

Museum areas have also been declared including the Spaci prison. Treatment with the past continues, as the pain of a nation in dictatorship is so great and often unexplanatory, and it will still take time for transparency with the past to shed light on the darkness of a regime as an opportunity for similar regimes not to return.

Summary table according to military appointment of forced labor camps; The Ministry of Internal Affairs with a special decision no. 1620 in 1955, camps were called departments. Camp No. 1-Repart no. 301; Camp No. 2-Repart no. 303; Camp No. 3-Repart no. 305; Camp No. 4-Second No. 307; Camp No. 5-Departer No. 309. There were also 1272 political exiles in Albania. Shkodra-Reparti Prison No. 315; Vlora-Reparte Prison No. 319; Corche-Repart Prison No. 317? Tirana-Reparte Prison No. 313; and Burrel Prison. No. 321.6, meanwhile, according to the November-30 situation in 1962 in Albania were these prisons and departments: 301 Bulqiza Department, Department 307 Tirana, Department 321 Burrel, Department 309 Tirana, Department 303 Tirana, Department 315 Shkoder, Department 318 Korca, 319 Vlora Department, 305 Tirana Department, 313 Tirana, Artisanate Department and Camp Durres. The total number of prisoners, on the other hand, was 4662, of whom 1809 were political prisoners and 2853 ordiners

Pressing labor camps: Maliqi's camps, the Likatund Camp, the Levan Camp, the Variboba camp, the Juba camp, the Vlashk camp, the Gortufi Camp, the Gossa Camp, the Lekaj Camp, the Beden camp, the Juba camp, the Gydrite camp, or Zadria camp, the Scrofotona Camp.

Farm labor camps and terrace openings: The Torovica camp, Zejmen Camp, Valisian Camp, Belshi Camp, Borschi Camp, Stinsis Camp or “Progress”.

Construction labor camps: Stadium camp “Qemal Stafa”, Camp No. 4 of Tirana, Stadium camp “Dinamo”, Sanatorium camp, bloc camp “Puna”, sports complex camp “Dinomo”, Bona Bridge Camp, Bishcem camp; 5. Forced labor camps to build industrial works: The Tirana Food Nation Camp, China and Milk Nation Camp Tirana, Rubik Camp, Laci Camp, Fushe Kruja Camp.

Groups of prisons and labor camps: The Elbasan cement factory camp, the Mirdita Repza camp, the Ballshi camp.

Airport construction labor camps: The Vajguror Bridge camp, Camp Ringas. Mine labor camps: Bulqiza camp, Spachi Camp, Qaphabar Camp. Prisons and forced labor camps of women convicted of political motives: Women's Annex in Tirana's Old Prison, Valias Women's Camp, the Artisanate Prison for Women, the Kucova Camp, the Lusnje Kosovo Camp, the Sharra Camp.

In 50 years of communist dictatorship, Albanians have committed 94,000 years in prison and 256 146 years in exile.

Summary mirror: 1945: The end of the “Qemal Stafa” stadium in Tirana, 1945 "Creation of Kamsa's farm, 1945-52: The Thaw of Maliqi's moor, 1946: Opening the Yuba Canal in the Durres District, 1946-52: Construction of the Kucova military adrom (with Russian assistance), 1949-51: the Gosa farm building in the Cavaja district of 1950: Construction of the Pecin-Elbasan railway's transfer, 1950-52: Opening Beden Canal in the Cavaja district of 1950: Gramsh-Lozhan road 1950-53: Extracting the chromium mineral at the Bulqiza mine, 1952-55: Pecin-Cavaj Canal, 50km long, 1952-54: Valshake Canal in the Mi -- 1963-67 -- Building palaces “Agimi”, Tirana, 1955-56: The drying out of Trug's moor, 1955-57: Rinas Airport, 1955-56: Bonification of the Zadria field and the implementation of the Gjader River, 1956-59: Starting operations at Tirana's “text”, 1959-61: Construction of the Food Nation, Tirana, 1960: Construction of the “Dinamo” stadium, 1960-63: The Mishnah and Milky Nation, Tirana, 1960-63: Bonification of the Thumman field, 1960-63: Building 500 apartments of the bloc “Puna”, Tirana, 1960-63: Construction of state sanatorium, Tirana, 1963-65: Construction of the Auto-Training Nation, Tirana, 1963-65: Construction of the Barir Squeal Plant, Rubik, 1963-67: Superphosphate and Sulfuric Acide plant, Lach, Kurbin, 1965-66: Chimento factory in Fushe-Cruje,1966-68: Chimento factory in Elbasan,1967-90: The opening and exploitation of the copper and drinking mine, Spac,1967-70: Construction of the Buckry Cleaning Plant in Reps of Mirday,1967-91: New land openings and sewers at Torovica Field,1967-90: Agricultural work and sewers in Zeyman, Lezha, 1966-91: Building part of the terraces on the coast of Saranda,1967- 71: Construction of Crepare in Scrovotine, Vlora,1971-84: Construction of the deep oil processing plant in Ballsh,1977-87: Building Sports complex “Dinamo” in Tirana,1982-90: The use of the copper drinking mine, in Qaphar Bar of Puca.