VAK Security, efficiency and side effects, here's 9 things you need to know

They have different compounds. Pfizer vaccines - B NTech and Modernna are conglomerative vaccines. AstraZeneca uses the visual vector method. Postive RNA is a sequence of genetic bases synthesized in the laboratory. Being a unstable molecule, the sequence of the ARN capsules into a fatty nano-gromic. It must be kept at very low temperatures: -20 for Modernna, -70 for Pfizer - BioNTech. The vaccine contains nothing but ecstasy. At the time of injection, it needs to be reduced to a normal psychological solution.

2 - How many and what have been approved or approved?

Globally approved vaccines today are 7: three Chinese and two Russian, besides Modernna and Pfizer - BioNTech. Proceeding procedures in different countries are different. Russia and China do not have independent regulatory authorities. In Europe and America, vaccine manufacturers collect data from human tests and send them for assessment, to regulatory authorities ( FDA in the United States and EMA in Europe. After Pfizer, Modernna will arrive in Europe in January. The company has already completed the tests. Johnson & Johnson and Sanofi are expected on March.

Three-Why did it take so little while it usually takes years?

For two reasons. The first is that science has taken advantage of the first SARS experience. In 2003, a vaccine was developed that was never used because that coronary disappeared. The use of messenger RNA has spread to oncology in recent years as well. The second reason is that the stages of development in the laboratory, human tests and production were conducted simultaneously, not sequenceally. It is a financial risk: the failure of one of the stages would lead to a major loss of resources. But government-set funds have eased the risks for companies.

4-How long will vaccines be effective?

We'll find out only in time. Coronavirus is known for less than a year, we cannot have data for longer periods of time. Studies in the 4 coronarys causing cooling and SARS, suggest immunity lasts for a year. In fact, they are guessing. Antibodies to the healed people seem to last for six to nine months. A sample of the vaccinated people will be followed over time to study their immune memory trends. When the defense expires, the vaccine will have to be repeated. It is possible for the injection to become routine.

They only survive the symptoms, or even the infection?

We don't know. Human trials included an average of 20-40 thousand volunteers for each vaccine. Giving regular tampons to all would be complicated: Only Codud's symptoms volunteers were subjected to tests. The result is that we don't have data on asimptomatics. To determine whether the vaccine protects from severe symptoms, or if it prevents infection, repeated tests will be required on a sample of volunteers after the campaign of vaccines. As long as uncertainty remains, the vaccinated will have to keep all precautions to avoid infecting others.

6- Has there been any side effects?

So far, 2 million people have been vaccinated with Pfizer or Modernna. There were eight serious allergic reactions, right after the injection, all solved. The injection is conducted at a medical institution with help in the case of anaphylactic shock. Tests showed some minor side effects: for Pfizer pain in the country taking vaccine (80% of vaccines), fatigue (60%), headache (50%), muscle pain (30%), joint pain ( 20%), ethe (10%). One in a thousand volunteers had temporary facial paralysis.

7-When will it happen in Albania?

Prime Minister Edi Rama has declared that it is expected that the vaccine campaign will begin in the first month of next year. During a meeting of doctors and nurses at the QSUT, the prime minister has declared that the vaccine will begin with medical staffs precisely to continue with the rest of the population. In terms of securing vaccines, the prime minister declared in December that he went to the US for direct negotiations with Pfizer Company president, while Albania is part of the Covax instrument, where he has also carried out the preliminary payment. According to all likelihood, mass vaccine for Albania will begin in the first months of 2021.

8-What's a flock immunity? How?

It's the percentage of the vaccinated, which has to be achieved so that even those who are not vaccinated are protected. Not reaching more people to infect them, the virus there stops circulation. The higher the climb of the virus and its spread to the population, the higher the rate of immunity of the herd. For the fruit, which has a very high spread index, 18.5% of people must be isolated. Coronervirus will have to reach 70-80%. In addition to the vaccines, even those who have passed through and recovered should also be considered immune. Unfortunately, however, both kinds of protection are only temporary.

9- If everything goes well when can we get back to normal life?

We'll be at a good point next fall with the end of the vaccine campaign. Various scenarios will be opened at that moment. Sars-Cov-2 can turn and become softer, quickly becoming similar to the other 4 coronarys that simply cause us a cold. Or it may remain dangerous for several years, forcing us to repeat the vaccines and keep the precautions. Much depends on mutation speed, vaccine efficiency, the ability to protect us from infection and duration of immunity. /The world.al