97 years of Turkish-Greek population exchange agreement

On January 30th 1923, the special Turkish-Greek agreement was signed in Lausanne on the exchange of Greeks to Anadol, with “turqi” (such were included in Muslim faith Albanians from Greece's Chamber).

By a decree, Greece adopted Muslim and informally treated the property of Albanians as a trading people, just as Lausanne's agreement for the Turks of Greece envisioned.

Under the deal, starting on May 1st 1923: “ ... Must be carried out the exchange, mandatory exchange of citizens “turq” of Orthodox faith.

Greeks located on Turkish lands, as well as Greek citizens of Muslim faith from located on Greek lands.

The exchangers had to leave their land and origin, and they had to earn the place where they went, with no right to return.

In the summer of 1924, however, the exchange process became massive.

After that in 1938, the government of the Yugoslav kingdom has signed a convention with the government of the Republic of Turkey for the migration of the Turkish population (in reality it was about the deportation of the Albanian population of Muslim confederacy), from the southern part of Serbia, to Kosovo and other Albanian trains stretching to 3 banovina: at Zeta, Morava and Vardar's banovina.

K O V V E N T A

On the rules of migration of the Turkish population * (The word is about the removal of the Albanian Muslim confesion population) from the South Serbia region to Yugoslavia.

The government of the Republic of Turkey and the government of the King of Yugoslavia's Majesty allege:

The Emigration of Muslims from the South Serbia region, and

Once they estimate that this population, on the other hand, has generally lost the rights of the free regime in Yugoslavia, and together they are set to abandon Kingdom territory, with their legitimate desire to join their natural ethnicities in Turkey.

They demonstrated the desire to sign the Convention under which the modes of deportation are assigned, as well as their respective pre-moipots:

His Majesty, King of Yugoslavia;

M.

His excellence, Mr. Chairman of the Republic of Turkey.

M.

They will communicate and fulfill their wishes according to the ways set out with the following provisions:

Article 1.

This convention identifies Yugoslav citizens with Muslim religion, culture and nationality and speaking Turkish.

While, with this Convention, they are not identified, the people for whom entry into Turkey is banned under Turkey's laws and regulations, which are in force, even that: nomad and Yevge populations.

Article 2.

The regimes subject to migration according to this Convette are the following:

1. Vardar Banovina region:

Sharr Mountain region (Prizren); Gora (Dragash); Podgorica (Suha-Reka); Necromation (Ferizaj); Donji Pollolog-Pollog of the Low (Ttova); Gornji Pollolog-Polloga i Upper (Gostitvar); Galica (Rostusha); Debra (Dumber); Struga (Struga); Gracanica (Pristina); Kachanic (Cakanic); Gjilan (Gylan); Presheva (Presheva); Prespa (Resnja); Poreci (Juzhni Brod-Makedonski Brod); Prilep (Prilep); (Manastir); Kavadarci (Kavadari); Marihovo (Maritoria-Marihowe); Negotin Na Vardaru (Negotin of Vardar); Skopje, Kumanovo (Kusnovo); Veles (Veles); Ovce Pole (Ovce Pole); Radovist (Redose); Strumica (Strumica); Dojran (Valandova); Gevgelija (Gevgelija); Kriva Pallanka (Criva Pallanka); Kratovo (Kratova); Carevo Selo (Carovo Selo); Males (Berovo).

2. Zeta's Banovina region includes:

Peja (Peja); Istog); Kosovo Mitrovica (Kosovo Mitrovica); Gjakova (Gjakov), Podrimjen (Rahovec).

3. Morava Banovina region includes:

Lupin (Podujevo); Viciterna (Vuciter), Dress.

The Yugoslav government would determine which region the migration would begin.

Article 3.

The number of families for which the Turkish government takes the obligation to accept from the regions mentioned in Article 2, under the terms of this Convention, consists of 40,000 families. These include the common families and their members (persons) and children of one blood, who at the time of the signing of this Convette, live in an inseparable family community and under a common roof.

Article 4.

The repatriation of these 40,000 families will take place in six (6) years, according to these ratios:

1. In 1939, 4,000 families

2. In 1940 6,000 families

3. In 1941 7,000 families

4. In 1942 7,000 families

5. In 1943, 8,000 families

6. In 1944, 8,000 families

If this number of households cannot be realised according to previous years due to eventual obstacles, the two contracting parties will make arrangements according to relevant legal provisions on the number of migrants (displaced persons), who will be evacuated from one side, and accepted from the other, three months before the start of migration. However, it is understood that these eventual changes in the number of migrants (displaced) per year cannot last more than a year during the six) set years - obsessed with migration (for migration). Each year's migration time will last (start) from May to October 15th, except for the first year contract, which will begin early July 1939.

Article 7.

The Yugoslav government must pay the Turkish government 500 liras per family, while the total amount will be 20,000,000 Turkish liras for 40,000 households, on the basis of which many will be taken into consideration. Despite this global fee, all rural real estate belonging to the displaced, in accordance with Article 6, remains the property of the Yugoslav government. As for the tempting and real estate of the Muslim nationality, or Evkafi (Vakaf), this Convention does not harm the existing Law provisions that regulate them.

Article 8.

The Yugoslav government at 1. April and 1. October of every year, it will (make) the periodic payment (sermestral) that will be proportional to the displaced families who will be evacuated during the year, which can be reduced or increased in proportion to their number. The payment, the amount of which was allocated to the previous article (Nani 7), will take place in 12 kista divided for six (6) years.

Article 9.

The Yugoslav government, each payment will do so:

30% on the table, which should allow the Government of the Republic of Turkey to be available through the People's Bank of Yugoslavia;

70% in dinars, depositing them at the People's Bank of Yugoslavia, in behalf of the record, in favour of the Government of the Republic of Turkey.

The People's Bank of Yugoslavia, for each fee, will immediately announce Turkey's Legata in Belgrade, that the deposit has been made on their accounts.

Article 10.

For transforming dinars into Turkish lira, the People's Bank of Yugoslavia and the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey will realise, in joint agreement, according to the Turkish lira exchange rate, which is worth the day of change, respectively.

Article 11.

The funds deposited at Yugoslavia's People's Bank will be exploited by the Government of the Republic of Turkey, whether in all forms or payments, which will be made in Yugoslavia, whether for purchase in the Yugoslav market, except for goods, whose export is prohibited and conditioned on their expenses in denviza (as they are): copper, wool, products from leather, oil fruit, olives, wheat and corn.

Buying all these goods will be realised, destined for Turkey. These goods will be released from any tax, tax, or any other export charge. Of course, for export, no provisions envisioned according to commercial agreements (traditional) will be implemented, but it will be in line with the provisions of this Convention.

Article 12.

Individuals who will be evacuated during the evacuation period, who will be displaced according to the annual list, must give (principle) written statements to Yugoslav authorities under Article 53 of the Law on Yugoslav citizens in power, that they willingly relinquish Yugoslav citizenship. These people will have qualities and will enjoy the rights of those displaced under Turkish laws, since Turkey's representatives, who will be appointed to the issue, will sign annual immigration lists in Turkey.

Article 13.

The displaced will generally be free to liquidate or to carry with them all their goods (riche) of all the species they own (as personal property), then animals and birds from their farms, instruments, vehicles, and so forth. used in agricultural or industrial work or in the exercise of other occupations.

However, for the transport of their goods and goods, agricultural tools, then from four fat animals and 10 small animals, not counting their young, years and so forth; The Yugoslav government assumes that they are to transport free until their dock in Thessaloniki.

For the transport of goods, the displaced enjoy tax reductions under the power fee. However, they do not enjoy the reduction of animal taxes, such as animals. Six fat animals and 20 tiny animals (small) not counting their young for each family to move away.

Exporting animals is done according to the provisions of the existing veterinarian Convention and on the basis of the veterinarian certificate, which will provide free for those who migrated.

Article 14

Those who emigrate are equally authorized to import: exclusively their personal ornaments, their collars or parts, their necklaces of gold and silver, which carry women's necks, and each of them cannot import more than oneosh.

In spite of this, each family guardian is authorized to freely import from Yugoslavia, the sum of 2,000 dinars, as well as the amount of 4,000 dinars converted into deprecies. Within, after liquidating their tempting and real estate in the city and in the village, goods whose export is not conditional on devis or banned in Yugoslavia, and whose importation is not prohibited in Turkey. All these goods would be subject to taxes and other export and import burdens.

Article 15.

Yugoslavia's People's Bank will open its special lap and accounts on behalf of the Government of the Republic of Turkey at the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, in which each displaced one will have the opportunity to deposit all the funds they owe and available, in view of ensuring transfer through the purchase of goods in Yugoslavia, the People's Bank of Yugoslavia will announce Turkey's Prague in Belgrade for every fee made effective, with detailed instructions of the depositors. These sums, thus transferred to Turkey through goods purchased in Yugoslavia, will be returned to interested people from the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey.

Article 16.

Funds, goods, values, furniture, and all other objects belonging to minors and other family members entrusted to them by family custody and entrusted by competent Yugoslav bodies, will be paid or allowed to the Government of the Republic of Turkey, which in the future will provide their administration and protection until they are grown, while their compensation will become family chairman, who enjoys it in accordance with Turkey's laws.

Article 17.

All young Muslims whose families have been registered on the annual evacuation lists, which are still in the ranks of the Yugoslav Army, will immediately be released from military service immediately, and at the same time were to move together with their families. Under the same conditions, it will not be included, Turkish Muslim youths living in the regions whose population is scheduled to emigrate during the following year.

Article 18.

On the part of the Yugoslav Government, a special Commission will be appointed, which will engage in the drafting of the annual list of displaced people, debuncing it with all the necessary notes on conditions, professions and crafts of immigrants. The lists must be presented to representatives of the Turkish government, and once must be implemented on their part, they will serve as the basis for allowing Turkish passport to be delivered, as well as for calculating the number of families of displaced people.

This Yugoslav Commission will maintain permanent co-operation with Turkish envoys, and at their request, it should provide them with all the information they need.

Article 19.

The launch and load of displaced people will take place on the basis of Turkish collective passports, which will be allowed to them by the consular authorities of the Government of the Republic of Turkey in Yugoslavia. The Turkish collective passports, as well as all other necessary documents -- which are worth evidence, preparation of annual lists and respective visas on passports to leave Yugoslavia -- will absolutely become free.

Article 20.

In Yugoslavia's free zone in Thessaloniki, a Turkish-Yugoslav friendo commission consisting of officials, appointed by the two governments, which will engage, in joint agreement, to undertake all necessary measures, under the circumstances and terms of loading and landing of the displaced.

Article 21.

This Convention comes into force on the day of its ratification by both governments.

Once, signatories, this Convention will be confirmed by corresponding seals.

Written in French in 1938.