Scientists have linked mutations in various species to the secret of aging

Scientists have found that mammals from tigers to humans have about the same number of mutations when they die in old age.

But fewer animals tend to have faster mutations, an analysis of 16 species shows.

Scientists say that this helps to explain why we age and shed light on one of the most confusing secrets of cancer.

Experts estimated that the scientist's discovery from the “Welcome Sanger” is the strange “” and “the region of thought”.

Mutations are changes in the instructions for building and managing our bodies our DNA.

These mutations have long been known to be at the root of cancer, but if they were important to aging for decades.

Scientists in Sanger say they've produced the first experimental <x0) test” that suggest they are.

They analyzed how quickly mutations occur in species with different life expectancys. They saw one another. The DNA of a cat, dog, creature, giraffe, horse, man, lion, mouse, rabbit, lemur and tiger.

The study, published in Nature magazine, revealed that rats have nearly 800 mutations per year during their short life span, which lasts slightly less than four years.

And the longer animals live, the less mutations they have per year. Dogs have about 249 mutations per year, lions 160 and giraffe 99. People average 47.

One of the scientists, Alex Kagan, said that the model was “the Queen” and that it was the truly surprising and exciting “that all the animals in the study had “around 3200) mutations during their lifetime.

If human DNA changed at the same rate as rats, we would die with more than 50,000 genetic changes.

Despite their different life expectancy, mammals had the same number of mutations at the end of their lives. It's a mystery for us,” Kagan told the BBC.

Cells in the body may reach a crucial number of mutations and then disappear. There are also ideas that some subx0 cells that behave badly” begin to get important tissues, such as the heart, and organs age because they no longer function properly.

However, aging is unlikely to be reduced to a process within the cells of our body.

Cutting the telomeres and epigenic changes are also thought to play a role. However, if mutations have an impact, then the question arises whether there are ways to slow down genetic damage or even repair it.

Scientists want to see if this model is valuable to all the living world or to mammals alone. Their goal is to increase fish in analysis, including the Greenland shark, which can live for more than 400 years and is the world's longest - lived vertebra.

In cancer science, there's a puzzle known as “House animal Paradox” Why don't big, long-lived animals have a high rate of cancer?

The more cells you have in your body and the longer you live, the more likely one of them will become cancergenous. This must be terrible news for elephants and whales.

“The whales have several trillion cells more. They should not exist because they would have cancer before adulthood,” said Kagan.

Large animals usually live longer, so their slowest mutation rate can help explain paradox, but scientists say it is far from history.

Urith and giraffes live the same number of years with similar mutation rates, despite the fact that giraffes are a thousand times larger.

You would expect that the scale of gender mutations would be even lower, but it seems that the body size does not matter”, Kagan said.

Instead, scientists say other methods of combating cancer should be developed that can encourage new ways of treating cancer.

For example, elephants have multiple copies of DNA that suppress tumors.

Alexander Gorelik and Camille Naksova near Harvard Medical School said that the gap between 47 human mutations per year and 800 mouse mutations is huge.

This difference is surprising, given the great general similarities between the human genome and the mouse. These results are to think”, he said.