Albanians for decades: What happened in 1917, 1927, 1937... 2017 (Photo)

1917: F THE LAST ILLING WAR GREAT

The world is still at war. But this time, the courses of war are different in behalf of the Great Antana because states around the Anglo-French Coalition are also joined by the United States. The change of policies mostly neutral American foreign came after the discovery of the so-called Zimmermann Telegram. It's about secret communication between Germany and Mexico. This discovery was a great triumph of British intelligence to prove the importance of information.

Zimmerman Telegram (detected)

The fact that information is important, especially the way it should be broken, testifies to the fact that this same year, June 4th, the first time the Journal's First Pulitzer Award is awarded. This award honors the name of journalist and editor who has revolutionized journalism and generally in the information world, Joseph Pulitzer.

Joseph Pulitzer and media power (in his day)

Thus, on April 6, 1917, Americans will go to war and that will mark the beginning of the end of the German Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

The destruction of the Austro-Hungarian Empire will not be good news for Albanians torn apart and surrounded by enemies. Besides, another event will adversely affect Albanians. In March 1917, social unrest begins in Russia that force Emperor Nikolai II to abdicate, which will culminate in October with the communist revolution.

Communism will triumph among the Russians, thus marking a new era in the courses of XX history. After World War II -- which erupts in 1939 -- ends in 1945, except for the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics -- communism will be the state system throughout Southeast Europe, including the lands where Albanians live. And, with the mighty Communism in Europe, the era known as the Cold War will begin.

Moscow Streets, October 1917

This year, singer Dame Margaret Lynn was born. World War II will break out for the injustices that will occur with the end of World War I. Summer then will sing the song “What a song that aroused soldiers ' optimism that they will return to their loved ones alive! Does anyone remember Vera Lynn when he said we'd meet again on a sunny day? Vera, what happened to you? Does anyone else feel here the way I feel?This is the 1979 song of the English rock band Pink Floyd. The song was composed by Roger Waters, whose father dies in Italy in 1944. For “Vera's was just a trick!

Vera Lynn

On May 29th 1917 will be born John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the 35th president of the United States. On November 22, 1963, he will be killed and his murder will be one of the greatest mysteries of the 20th century. And on September 6th, Philip von Boeselager will be born, who may have been given a different history if he and his group, on July 20, 1944, would come out to kill German dictator Adolf Hitler. This same year, this year, Margaretha Geertruida “MacLeod known as Mata Hari.

John Fitzgerald Kennedy (photo 1918)

On June 26th 1917, one of the largest Albanian Albanologists, Idriz Ajeti, will be born in Tupalle in the Presevo Valley. Meanwhile, a day later, the great composer, Prenk Jaga, author of the first Albanian opera, “Mrika” will be born in Shkodra. On September 16, 1969, by the time communism ruled Albania, it will decide to end its life.

Touch Jamesa

When it comes to Albanians, they in these streams were almost insignificant. It is noteworthy for this year that the Albanian Autonomous Republic of Korca, under French control, continues to operate, and that the Albanian National License (The National Lake of Korca or French Liqueu), which spread French culture and European values. This school will teach Albania's largest communist, Enver Hoxha, who will violently rule Albania from 1944 to his death in 1985. In his power, the Communist and his associate born on February 14, 1917, Becir Balluk, will be executed in 1974.

French card: The region of 1917

In 1917, Albanians will lose the major intellectual and fighter of the national issue, Corcharin Themistokles Germenji. He was mayor of Korca, but with intrigues from the Greek and Albanian collaborators, he will be arrested and sent to court in Thessaloniki, where he will be shot. In his final letter to the woman (before his shooting on November 7, 1917), it means: My girlfriend Evhhoxi, I fell for the blind... Know you die innocent... I apologize from all the natives, if I've done any evil without love of” (like.)

French Officer in Korca

In this year, other important names of Albanian history will die: Preng Dochi ʹ one of the founders of society “Bashim” and co-versar of the Latin-based alphabet; Nikolla Kachori ʹ Catholic priest, politician, signatory of Albania's Declaration of Independence and Albania's first deputy prime minister in Ismail Kemal's cabinet; as well as Stathi Melani Albanian Orthodox priest who has attended the Monastery Congress.

Nicole Carchiri

On March 4, 1917, Woodrow Wilson will pledge his second term as president of the United States of America. He will be known as a great friend of Albanians, who will protect the existence of the Albanian state at the Peace Conference in Paris a year later. On July 20, 1917, the Finland Parliament, with the Social Democrat majority, declares independence. 100 years later, Finland will be one of the most developed states in the world, with the highest level of education and living.

Woodrow Wilson

1927: V DlKOTA, V Oh, shit.

In 1927, Albania under Ahmet Zogu was at large dilemmas - to side with Yugoslavia or Italy. Zogu chooses Italy, which grieves Yugoslavia for helping it return to power in 1924. But conditions of co-operation with Italy were so bad that it is said that the Italian invasion of Albania does not occur in 1939, as in 1927.

It's about implementing the Treaty with these points: “1. Albania and Italy agree that the concern of whatever to Albania's current political, legal and territorial status is contrary to the political interests of the parties; 2. In order to protect the above-mentioned interests, the signatory parties undertake to provide mutual support and close co-operation, and not sign with other political or military powers that are biased against the interests of the other contracting party defined in this treaty; 3. The high contracting parties take over to submit a procedure of reconciliation or arbitration to issues that might divide them and that may have remained unsolved through common diplomatic methods. The forms and procedures of peaceful solutions will be defined at a special convention that will be completed without delay; 4. The current Treaty's duration will be five years and can be denounced or renovated one year before the end of”.

As English historian and journalist Henry Wickham Steed means, in a April 5, 1927 report to the Royal Institute for International Affairs, the Albanian side did not know what they were signing.

Rome, June 24, 1927: Ratification of Treaty with Italy

Albania was so underdeveloped, with whole areas neglected, that it begins to turn into an attraction for journalists, historians, or foreign anthropologists as are today the forgotten tribes of Amazon or Africa. So journalist Joseph Roth, during a visit to Albania's capital, means: “Tirana is a mine of sensational subjects: roads are cobbled, political complications are many, and the country resembles a rowing apple @x1>. While, for Albania in general it means: “Albania is just halfway between blood feuding and the UN Association”.

Shkodra Market (1927)

Even this year it worked in Albania, the Serb-Albanian Bank, which alone aimed at introducing all Albanians under Serbia's economic dependence. Serbia was long intended to open this bank, but these plans were made through Zogu. Fortunately, Zogu was aware of this mistake. So, in 1927, it closes to Shkodra the branch of the malicious bank with huge losses.

At the same time, the bird releases bank notes and coins with its portrait. He was both president and prime minister of the country, while enemies who would endanger his power had only rarely been reduced.

10 Fraga Gold (1927)

As Zogu watched what it would look like in franca, on July 3, 1927, one of the symbols of Albanian resistance -- warrior Shote Galica -- will die in poverty at Fushe Kruje. Shota had earlier sought help from Zogu through a letter with these words: “I am Shote Galica, wife of Azem Galica, leader of the Kosovo Cacak Movement. I'm in the Shullaise county of Kruja, and I've got four orphan children with screws. It's the children of the warriors killed for the release of Kosovo. I'm obliged to let you know that I'm dead one by one with the children that are orphans.” (like.)

Shote Galica

This same year, native Iriz Sefer died. It is said that when he died, he left those words to his heirs (through his wife, Bahtija): “!

Idriz Sefer (front row, right): This photo is thought to have been taken at Ferizaj's entrance after the Kachanic Grit Battle against the Turkish army of Shefqet Dorg Pasha

Meanwhile, in 1927 the Gjakova Football Club is formed (then called “) The Kosovo sword”. The founder was Faik Dushi. This year continues the violent exhibition of Kosovo Albanians for Turkey. According to statistics, in 1927 5,197 of them, or 316 Albanian families, left.

KF character “

This year a politician was born, and he will be killed in 1986 under unknown circumstances. It's about Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme. The same year and in the same state, the vehicle company Volvo will be formed, which will launch a new standard in passenger safety.

In 1927 they will also be born: Colombian writer and Nobelist Gabriel Garcia Marquez; Pope Benedict XVI is the fourth pope in the 2000-year history of Christianity to be drawn from this title; the renowned Italian actress, a sex symbol of last century's (BAR)60s, Gina Lollobrigida; the actor Roger Moore who will play the role of the best-known agent of literature and cinematography, James Bond; and German playwright and Nobelist Guter Gras.

Gina Lollobrigida

Two known Communists are born in 1927: The Great Debar will be born Hibe Pilpudi, who will sing many songs to Albanians in communist Yugoslavia, reportedly fighting and heroically falling as part of the XVIII Brigade, releasing Krchiva from the Nazi forces. And Kosovo's top communist official, Ilaz Kurteshi, was born in downtown Ljubljana, Prizren. Kurteshi was allegedly a Gorani, but by works exactly human and precisely representative of Albanian interests. He was one of the founders of the 1974 Constitution and, with the decision of President Ibrahim Rugova, also a member of the Kosovo delegation that was on the eve of the NATO bombing has signed in Paris the so-called completion Agreement.

Ilaz Kurteshi

Meanwhile, in Shkodra, 10 years after the birth of the great composer Prenk Jakova, another major Albanian composer, Cesk Zadija, is to be born, who not only as a creator but as a professor will contribute to the development of musical art among Albanians.

In the first row, of this photo taken in Shkodra, there are three children who will later be among the largest Albanian composers. The first is Chesk Zade, the fifth is Tish Daija, and the tenth in a row is Tony Harap.

1937: ELABORATH FALSEQ: “WRITER IN SE TOLERON THIS, CHILDREN YOU DO NESTRENCE”

Writer Milos Gjergj Nicola (Migen), a friend wished him a new year 1937, with these words: I generally didn't write congratulations, either for Christmas or for Bajram, nor for birthday or for another party. It wasn't written, why the wishes that in our day the world does, I don't know if one percent is fulfilled that they're all out of hypocrisy. The world knows, but it keeps writing congratulations. Even for New Motmot so far I didn't congratulate anyone. But this time I had to go into the order of the right people and wish my friends New 1937 Mott.

First of all, I wish you, friend of the sweet sleep, not to hear how people thunder under the grass of their wrestling crosses, nor the horn of the mighty in life. Don't listen to Spain's thunder. Sweet dreams! Don't listen like you're a tooth digper, a cold. Why, then, do you have to ask, " Why did you fight for your teeth and scratch so much? And language instead of molar answers: why it's cold, gentlemen, and when it's cold, gentlemen, it goes to the body, it goes to the muscle, the nerve, the god, and so is the teeth for the tooth, sir. It is too banal to say that there is no dress and running and burning, that is, sweet sleep, a companion of the ram.

Second of all, after a good sleep, I wish you would be happy. Out of great joy, in sentimentality, to kiss the keyes of the room and the pillars, like the bani Greta Garbo in the movie “Queens Christina”, when you tasted the animal beloved (the church to say divine but the same is). So happy, that the world will envy you and say, "Oh, how happy it is! To be happy even though your other mother's heart like a palycho. To be joyful, your joy gives hope to others. If the writing table breaks, you laugh. If the only chair you have at home is flat and nowhere to stay, you laugh. In case the fire is cold, yes, you laugh. If any day, like that, you miss bread, you take it for a joke, and laugh, laugh.

He goes out on the street, cross the island, and laugh, laugh, laugh, laugh, and the world will envy him and say, Ah, he's happy! And when he comes home to see the cause of your joy, he will remember the world himself and start laughing at the peanuts. The sickness of laughter will spread among all men and people like monkeys will leap away with joy... And so I wish we could spend the year 1937 in joy, even if we couldn't pause it” (like.)

Migen

But in 1937 it won't be good for Albanians...

At the Serbian Cultural Club in Belgrade, there is a fatal project for the violent deportation of Albanians from Kosovo and Macedonia to Albania and Turkey. The word is about the notorious Vasa Cubrilovic (participator in Sarajevo assassination where Austrian throne heir Franz Ferdinand, who was the cause of World War I), suggested that the way to select the “problem of the Albanian” is mass ethnic cleansing.

It's impossible to type with just gradual colonization... The only way and only means is the brutal violence of a state government”He said.

Chubrilovqi sought violence against Albanians, convictions, arrests, fines, ethnic paramilitary forces and property destruction, as Serbs had done in 1878-1878 with Nis Albanians, Kursumlia, Toplica...

Vaso Chubriloviq, in 1914, under arrest by Austrian-Hungarian police

“At the time Germany can expel tens of thousands of Jews and Russia can shift millions from one part of the continent to another, the expulsion of several hundred thousand Albanians will not lead to the outbreak of a global war”He added. “If the state wants to intervene in behalf of its people in the war on earth, it will succeed except by acting brutally”.

Croatian Nobel writer Ivo Andric, who worked against the interests of his own people and in behalf of Serbia, has supported this elabor.

To implement the elaborate, the Belgrade government had already organised pre-military formations of the Kostas Pecanci-led Chetq Krstiq, Jovan Babunski, Vasilije Trbic, etc. organized expeditions of violence, terror and organized robbery. The same scenes of violence and terror will be repeated during the last war in Kosovo in 1998-99.

Illustration: Ferizaj Railway (Photo taken by Franz Baron Nopcsa in 1903)

As these horrors occurred in Kosovo, many Albanians had joined the Spanish Civil War, which for three years (1936-1939) will kill nearly one million people killed. This year across Europe will spread the poster called, “If you Tolrate this Your Children Will Be Next” (If you tolerate that, your children will suffer tomorrow). This was the slogan that also prompted volunteers from Wales of Great Britain to join the Republican forces and fight the regime of General Francisco Franco in Spain. At the poster was a picture of a child killed by the bombing. One of the former volunteers who went to Spain was a well - oiled level under which If I can kill rabbits, then I can kill the fascists”! It was that easy to kill then! Inspired by this event, in 1998, the helsian group Manic Street Preachers will sing the song “If you Tolrate this Your Children Will Be Next”That means killing idealism, childhood, and youth. So killing the future!

The Fear Poster of 1937

In 1937, Pablo Picasso ends his masterpiece “Guernica”. This same year, Hermann Goering was chief of the German Air Force. The ideal moment to test the German aviation was Franco's support by shelling the town of Guernica ʹ the spiritual capital of Basks. The bombing was terrible, with many destructions and many casualties. From here, Picasso is inspired by his masterpiece.

Guernica After the Bombing

After the Nazi occupation of France, Picasso did not leave Paris. But he did not make exhibitions, as he was often disturbed by Nazi Gestapo officers. During a check they did to him at the apartment, a German officer sees the painting photo “Guernica”. “Did you do it?”He asks Picasso. No, you did it! ”Picasso answers.

Picasso “Guernica”

The events that marked the world are the inauguration of American President Franklin D's second term. Roosevelt; the disappearance of avierator Amelia Earhart; the launch of the second Sino-Japanese War between Japan and China that left as many as 22 million victims; the Hindenburg tragedy, Germany's zeppelin explosion; and the first feature film by Walt Disney, “Bords, and the seven Shorties -- <x0).

This is the year when great artists were born, such as Kosovo's friend, actress Vanessa Redgres. Her family is in the Guinness Book of Records, because she's given mostly actors. Other great actors born in 1937 include Warren Beatty, George Takeey, Jack Nicholson, Morgan Freeman, Bill Cosby, Dustin Hoffman, Jayne Fonda and one of the best directors in cinematography history, Ridley Scott.

Two politicians were born this year whose fates will be interconnected: Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein and US Secretary of State Colin Powell. During Powell's mandate, Saddam State and his power will fall into the hands of Americans.

Colin Powell

In 1937 two great composers, George Gershwin and Maurice Ravenl, will die. One of the greatest scientists of the 20th century, Nobelist Guglielmo Marconi, who is most commonly known as the radio and radio telescope (which is said to have been discovered before him by Nikola Tesla, but who did not know to materialise) will change the media world forever. In 1937, one of the richest men in human history, John Rockefeller will die. According to Forbes magazine, its net wealth was worth $392 billion in 2016. .

John Rockefeller

German anthropologist, Raimer Shulz, takes part in 1937 in a German-Italian expedition to Theth of Dukagjin. During his stay, he participates in and documents the burial of Wolf Vuksan, as well as the so-called “Men's trial” ancient tradition, especially in northern Albania. At least 10 men participate in the ritual. The greater their number, the greater their respect for the dead. Albanian historian Peter Martianaj has said this tradition is closely linked to Skenderbe's death. Boringly, they say that Prince Leke Duka Dukaagjini had shouted loudly, beat her breasts, cut her hair, and scratched her face.

Men's play at Wolf Vuksan's funeral

On April 17th 1937, the canonical recognition of the Albanian Orthodox Church Autocephalia by the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Istanbul takes place. While, French newspaper “In March 1937, it publishes a scripture on Zogu's decision to lift the veil. Among other things, it says: “Misliman's faithful but modern ruler, King Ahmet Zogu, has in fact adopted from Parliament a law ordering his Kingdom women to give up the federation, an old custom imposed in the XV century by Turks, when they invaded Albania after the death of Albanian national hero Skenderbeut. This decision has caused great joy throughout Albania - to women who are, like all of Eve's daughters, happy to be admired, and to all young people. Tirana has suddenly become a happy city... Laughing and youth illuminate all faces... And, strangers, happy, discover the beauty... ”!

Bird and his sisters

Early in 1937, one of the most prominent names of Albanian letters, Anton Paschk, will be born in Grazdnik, Prizren, and it brings a completely modern spirit to the tradition of Albanian prose. And, in Korca, director Viktor Djika will be born (known for films: “i 8th in bronze”, “General phonograph”, “Second subenti>, ”, “Man with top”, “light comisar>...).

Finnish swimmer Martti Ahtisaari was born in 1937, under whose plan Kosovo's independence will be declared on February 17th 2008.

Anton Passhak

1947: LIFE STORY TYGOSALIVICE

In May the Civil War broke out in Greece. The United Nations Commission concludes that Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia are supporting the communist Greek guerrillas.

The UN deals with another topic, with the incident in the Korfu Strait when two British ships fall into mines. A resolution calls for forming a commission to investigate the case, and in another for the case to be sent to the International Court of Justice.

This incident occurred on October 22, 1946. 45 British officers and seamen die from mines. Another 42 were injured. But who put the mines and what was the purpose of a small country being brought into conflict with a world power, that is still unknown.

Kochi Xoxe in prison

In July, poor Albania refuses to be part of the Marshall Development Plan, designed by Americans. The Soviet economic model is installed in the country. It's about nation industry. Thus, the Albanian communist state owns nearly 89 percent of the country's industrial production. The small trade and craft property for which the socialist cooperative route was first pursued was left unmanaged. The process of statehood based it on three criteria: Rewardless work, with rapid strength and rhythm.

At the same time, Yugoslavia was intended to bring the Albanian state into economic dependence, with loans and processing of raw materials. Yugoslavia represented Albania in the Commentary and even in the Eastern States economic development meetings. Even those who opposed such economic dependence were arrested. Nako Spirou was forced to commit suicide in 1947. It is alleged that behind this game was Albania's top communist official, Koci Xoxe, who after breaking reports with the Yugoslavs, will be arrested and executed in 1949 by the regime of Enver Hoxha.

Homazhe for Nako Spiru

In 1947, Croatian othoronaryringologist Branimir Gusic pays a visit to Albania, from north to south. During this visit, he performs many photographs that testify to the gloom and poverty of the country.

“Albania in 1947 was economically and spiritually destroyed after the civil war (1943-1944) and after the events of World War II (1939-1944). The country's communist invaders had severed almost all relations with the West. For this reason, the photos of 1947's Branimir Gashiki are unique and important”He wrote about his photos, Albanologist Robert Elsie, who will die in 2017.

Gushiqi photo: Gjirokastra, 1947

Meanwhile, Kosovo Albanians were at odds with Yugoslav communists and even with those of Albania who were in close friendship with Yugoslavia officials. The Albanian National Democratic Movement (NDSH) -- fighting against communism -- will also end in Kosovo for the unification of Albanian lands. The main exhibitors of this movement will be killed by communists in 1946, including John Serrecin.

Hillary Clinton

In 1947, Walter Duppal, a key and professor at the Academy of Music in Zagreb, was born. This same year, writers Primo Shllaku and Jevahir Llesey were born.

1947 was the year of the coming to life of great rockers, such as: David Bowie, Elton John, Iggy Pop, Brian May, Marc Bolan and Brian Johnson. Also, two candidates were born for US president: Mitt Romney and Albania's great friend Hillary Clinton.

In 1947, Victor Emmanuel of Italy, who in the years (1939) had the title of the king of Albanians as well as the most notorious mafia in history, Al Capone, who has said that his purpose is easier to achieve. “With good words and weapons, that only in good words”!

Al Capone

1957: CHALLENGE...

The chairman of Albania's Popular Assembly Presidium was Haxhi Llesshi and Prime Minister Mehmet Shehu. Enver Hoxha was “vec” First Secretary of Labour Party.

This year, even more reports with the Soviet Union begin to irritate. This collapse began in 1955, when Soviet leader Nikita Khruschev heads to Belgrade, and after 1956 the same denouncing Josif Stalin's policy.

Hoxha, this year in the Central Committee Plenum, protected Stalin's legacy.

“With Stalin's tan, enemies are not concerned about him as a person, but their goal is to discredit the Soviet Union, the Socialist system and the international communist movement and, as a result, undermine workers' confidence in socialism”Well, Hoxha said.

Mehmet Shehu, Enver Hoxha and Hagi Llesey

This address has quite enjoyed Khruschev, who invites the Albanian leadership to Moscow. According to Hodge, the Soviet leader has asked him to arrange the reports with Yugoslavia, but he told him he doesn't trust Yugoslavs, because “a are speaking against the socialist system of our state and against the foundations of Marxist-lenism”. Hoxha also stumbled even though the Yugoslavs are not saying a word against imperialism and why they are not understanding the deviations they are making.

Reports were even more irritated when Tito this year refused to be part of the International Conference of Communist Partys. At this meeting, Albanians with the Chinese approve the declaration condemning the revision as a threat to the communist world.

The Soviets were nervous, but they failed to win over Albanians to be quiet even when they gave them a $160 million loan or when they repaid them 105 million debt.

Tito and Khruschev

In 1957, the renowned Albanologist Wilfried Fiedler was in Albania, as part of the German-Albanian Ethnographical expedition of ethnologists Erich Stockmann and Ramadan Sokooli. After this expedition, the study “Chemave Songs” was published in Germany. This same year was also an important event: the establishment of the University of Tirana. By contrast, this educational institution had criteria and was more prominent in world rankings than it is today.

Cavaya in 1957 (Photo taken by Wilfried Fiedler)

Meanwhile, the violation of Albanians continues in Kosovo. Serbs dominate Kosovo's nomenclature because they have the backing of notorious Aleksandar Rankovic. The chief of the Kosovo Executive Council was Fadil Hoxha, while Ismet Shaqiri was chairman of the Parliament.

This year in Pristina was a meeting of <x0). “In this meeting, the poem, all of Kosovo-Methohí's followers, the teaching staff of the Albanological Seminary of the Faculty of Beligrad, the followers of the Macedonian People's Republic and many educators and Albanian language lovers” (like.) So then the geg dialect was not only spoken but also written.

This year, the great poet, Ali Podrima, published the first poem in the magazine “New Life”. The editor-in-chief of this magazine of importance to Albanians was another major Albanian poet, Esad McLelly.

Ali Podrima

Rock music will start changing the world. Elvis Presley rolls himself shaking America dundke back on the “The Ed Sullivan Show” show. And the friendship of the greatest tandim of rock music history arises in Liverpool: John Lennon and Paul McCartney. Three years later these two will form the “The Beatles”.

This year Ghana will be the first country of colonial Africa to be independent (from Great Britain). When Ghana becomes a state, President Komla Agbeli Gbedemah visits the United States, but at a restaurant he is denied service.

This year there's another innovation in the world of technology: Soviets send satellite “into orbit Sputnik 2”, with the dog Laika. Meanwhile, IBM sells the first computer with the programming language “Fortran”.

Laika dog dying in orbit

In 1957, Austrian singer Falco was born, who in German will become world famous in the last century's 80s, as well as Osama bin Laden one of the greatest terrorists in history.

This same year actors Melanie Griffith, Steve Buscemi and Daniel Day-Lawis were born, the only winner of the three Oscar awards for the top role in “My Left Foot” (1989), “There Will Be Blood” and “Lincoln” (2012). This is the actor who has refused most roles, since for 20 years from 1997 to 2017 he will play in only seven films.

In 1957, two famous actors, Humphrey Bogart and Oliver Hardy died.

Oliver Hardy

1967: ATETISM AND OBJECTION

On February 6, 1967, Enver Hoxha delivers a mediocre speech in front of several basic party organisations in Tirana. The speech will be published next to the newspaper “People's Voice”, with pomp and title: “Ever Hoxha, First Secretary of the Party Central Committee, addresses the theme: Further revolutionization of the Party and power”! On February 8th, the same newspaper appears as the headline the initiative of high school youth “Naim Frasher”, demanding the closure of churches and mosques. So began a hysteria against religion, making Albania the first and only atheist state in the world. This is also formalized with the 1976 Constitution, Article 37 which said: “The State knows no religion and develops atheistic propaganda to instill in people the materialistic scientific outlook”!

As a result of this mad enterprise, and according to a report compiled by the Communists, 740 mosques are closed and destroyed, 608 Orthodox churches and monasteries, 157 Catholic churches, 530 squares, turbes, meccaes etc.

Youth in Antireligious Action

A timely report on these developments says: “In support of the important measures the party has taken for further revolutionisation of life, numerous revolutionary initiatives broke out throughout the country, as a result of which the old feudo-borge ideology has suffered and is undergoing severe shocks. The programmatic talk of February 6 that Comrade Enver gave was another inspiring factor that armed the measures to intensify and build up this war on a higher scale, where large and small, women and men are numbered. In the context of this fierce class battle, powerful shocks are taking on the old and bourgeois of living, dots and then especially religious ideology, which for centuries has not only poisoned people's consciences, but has gone deep into their daily lives, accompanying at any moment, the broad working sizes and in particular youth, have taken vows to give up all religious holidays and ceremonies, from old and backward and celebrating our social holidays and new socialist customs. But this cannot be done immediately” (like.)

A Crazy March Against Faith

This year, Albania is also plagued by earthquakes, which in the Debar-Librazh area alone destroy 177 villages. Twelve people died, and another 174 were wounded. Prior to that earthquake, a Yugoslav plane had violated Albania's airspace. It was about an F-84G bomber who lost his orientation. He tried to get back, but from Rinas they set up three MiG-19s that block him from all sides and force him to sit down.

Albania had many shortcomings, but one thing should not be denied -- it was sovereign indeed!

Cartoline from Tirana

Meanwhile, in the most normal world, an accumulated youth frustration will erupt in 1967 in San Francisco. In the Haight Ashbury district of this city, radicals, deserters, artists, bitnics, mystics, rebels, rockers... will be gathered in a major political, social and cultural experiment whose effects are observed today. Their movement will be known by name: Eep (Hippy)

In this decade more than ever, youth opposes older generations, even creating anticulturalism as the opposition to American middle class values. Youth begins to challenge institutions, political and economic barriers, the war in Vietnam, racial and gender discrimination.

George Harrison in Haight-Ashbury

Hayt Ashbury was like an autonomous psychodelic republic, with a completely different way of life, with culture, newspapers and unique public services. The citizens of this city-state thought here to replace the conformism with the creators, to expect emotional and sexual freedom, to fight with love and peace.

They thought the possible and the right way except Rocky Roll was also drugs and sex: openly, everywhere and everyone. This did not apply to marriage contracts because individual happiness was the main one. In this regard, some describe this decade as a source of moral degradation, the consequences of which are observed more and more daily by divorce, sexual deviation, and drug abuse.

Such endeavors led to the crossing of the Haight Ashbury streets on October 6, 1967. The event was called hippie death. The utopian dream was destroyed by overdosage with drugs. The movement called for other options, for which the Yippi faction (Yippi) form, which thinks positive changes should be used by the most radical methods.

“The death of the hippie”

The 60s showed us the possibilities and responsibilities we have. No answers. They directed us to the possible”, meaning John Lennon later (the day of his assassination, December 8, 1980).

The hippos were dreamers. They hoped to achieve a spiritual revolution after which all people would be happy and equal. They promoted peace, love and individual freedom, while hating corruption, the authority of the political and economic power of “Great Brother”.

Bill Clinton and Tony Blair, part of this move. They're an example of that. But also Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, founders of the giant “Appple”; Stewart Brand, then Ken Casey, Neal Cassady, Del Close, etc. The aim of the hippies was to match the individual with the institution. They did it.

Peaceful March in San Francisco

This year some of the rock music masterpieces are published: “Sgt. Pepper's Lonenly Heavens Club Band” (The Beatles), “Disrael Gears” (Cream), “The Piper At the Gates of Dawn” (Pink Floyd) (The WHO), “The Doors” (The Doors), “Surrealistic Pillow” (Jefferson Airplane), “Are You Experienced” ( The Jimi Hendrix Experiences... that testify that music is no longer a profession of pedigree or professional schooling. Music, and in general art, is the product of all people who love it and are sacrificed for it.

Meanwhile, Albanians in communist Yugoslavia, following Rankovic's fall from power, will see better days. In Kosovo Albanian groups are added rock, and rock becomes part of the daily.

In 1967, J. Robert Oppenheimer, known as the father of the atomic bomb, while the most famous communist revolutionary, Ernesto “Che” Guevara

Pink Floyd

1977: CHINA MAKE

1977 was a year of digital technology. In 1970, Intel will sell the first microprocessor “Intel 4004”. Inside it were 2300 transistors. This discovery will change the world more than ever. The dream of personal computers is now real. In 1977 these models come out: TRS-80s from Tandy Corporation; Commodor PET from Commodor; Atari VCS from Atari; and Apple II from Apple. Only the latter survived, says Forbes magazine, at $702 billion.

One of the most successful models, Apple II, designed by Steve Wozniak

The year 1977 is a year of loud rock music, with vague melodious lines of music, but it will make youth for itself and influence later musical streams. The synonym of this music will be the Sex Pistols group and their launched song in 1977, “God Save the Queen” (Lord preserve the Queen, who attacks English obedience and respect against the crown.

But, however, the biggest successes reach the very rock groups, such as Fleetwood Mac with this year's launched album, “Romours”, which will be sold to nearly 40 million copies. While, Led Zeepel will break the record when in Pontiac, Michigan, they will hold concert before 76,229 people.

The world was experiencing another phenomenon this year: disco music. The promoter of this music became film “Saturn Night Picture” (Saturday night) with actor John Travolta, and the Australian band's sound column, Bee Gees.

When it comes to music, these names die this year: Ruecker Mark Bolan; Operationist Maria Callas; record of sold records, Bing Crosby; and King of Rockė A Roll, Elvis Presley.

Led Zeppelin (Look from 1977 concert at stadium “Silverdomes”)

Meanwhile, the collapse of the state begins in communist Yugoslavia. On January 18, 1977, under suspicious circumstances drowning in an air accident, Yugoslav Prime Minister Xhemal Bijedzic, his wife and six others. The official version said the bad weather was caused by the accident, but the biggest suspicions are that everything was orchestrated by Serbia to eliminate political rivals and take over in Yugoslavia after Tito's death. And it was viewed as one of the inheritors. Thus, Tito's wife, Serbian Jovanka Broz, reportedly was involved in the event. Bijedici's heirs say she orchestrated this crime along with senior Yugoslav People's Army officers Nikola Lubiciq (later supportive of Slobodan Milosevic) and Blagoje Axhiq, along with Yugoslavia's President of the Socialist Republic of Federative, Petar Grecanin.

Xhemal Bijediqi with his wife

In Albania, meanwhile, Ibrahim Ibrahim Ibrahim Bicakciu (son of Saqif Pasha Elbasan), prime minister of Albania during World War II, will die. After the communists were introduced to Shkodra, he will be arrested and sentenced to life in prison. In 1962 he will be released and forced to work as a toilet cleaner.

In the USSR, Albania's former friendly state, an order is given to destroy house “Ipatiev” This was the house where Czar Nikolai II of Russia and his entire family were killed in 1918. The reason was that the house has no historical value. And to implement that order, Soviet Politbyro appoints Boris Yletsin, who will lead Russia after the destruction of the USSR and the overthrow of communism.

From left: Captain Hendrik Reimers, Ibrahim Bicakciu (10), Saif Pasha Bicakciu and Ali Ajah Bicakciu

When it comes to Albania, after the death of Mao Zedong, the communist leader of China, initiates some reform led by a lot of controversy by Deng Xiaoping. In 1977 Tito will go to Beijing, and this visit will exacerbate Enver Hoxha (more than American President Richard Nixon's visit in 1972).

Six years ago, Albania initiated a Resolution 2758, demanding in the UN not to represent Chiang Kai-shek's Republic of China, but the People's Republic of China Mao Zedong. And he did it! In fact, at a seminar held in Tirana, where Kosovo scholars were present, in a welcoming word, said: “. But this love is now fading. Thus, in 1977, many Albanian officials and military officials are eliminated after the so-called “Chinese Conspiracy”. Albanian-Chinese love is coming to an end...

The resolution that made China a global factor

In Kosovo this year, construction of the Youth Palace begins, “Boro and Ramiz”. The name is taken based on the ideology of the brotherhood of Yugoslavia, whose symbol was two partisans -- Peja Albanian Ramiz Sadiku, and Bulgaria's Bratsigova Serb Boro Vukmirovic. In April 1943, Boro is captured in Landovica by National Ball soldiers. Ramisi reportedly had the chance to come out alive as an Albanian, but decided to be executed along with Boron. At the moment of their execution, they embraced each other and shouted communist slogans.

Ramiz and Boro

By 1977 more large people die than they are born. This year, for example. The scientist who sent Americans to the moon died, Wernher von Brown. As well, the non-renewable genius of acting and cinematography, Charlie Chaplin. And the Korean singer Jae-sang, known as the SPY, was born, which will in fact be synonymous with the stupidity of stupidity that turns into a global phenomenon -- precisely as a result of the digital revolution that begins in 1977. Yes, this year French President Emmanuel Macron was born, who was seen as a hope for right-wing populism in Europe. But of his results as president, few can be spoken of today.

Emmanuel Macro

1987: MILOSHVICE

What happens in North Korea today occurred in 1987 in Albania. Parliamentary elections in Communism are held this year. The Democratic Front ) of the Labour Party was the only force to participate in the elections, winning the 250 seats. Voter rights had 1,830,652 Albanians, and all voted. Of these votes, only one proved invalid.

For these elections, Enver Hoxha's heir, Ramiz Alia, at “People's Voice” said: The people's trust is honor and responsibility. MPs must work as hard as they can to justify this belief, work to pave the wide way for war and people's efforts, to respond carefully and carefully to the desires of the big heart he has”.

The ball of “People's Office” for the February 1, 1987, elections.

Albania was in economic misery. It was the most isolated place in the world, such as North Korea today. There was no help from the USSR or China anymore, and the German perspective of 1985 was lost for no reason at all.

A foreign reporter visits this country this year, where he takes some pictures. Regarding this visit, he says: It was dark and it rained. After we left behind the lights of the Yugoslav border, a path of pale lighting appeared ahead. We were entering Albania. In the middle of the road, border guards came out of the bushes. Dressed in green uniforms, hats with a red star, dark glasses and guns on your arm. They don't smile. It was 1987, Communism, and the Cold War”!

Tirana of 1987

Kosovo Serbs launch an anti-Albanian movement that will bring to power the war criminal, Balkan Kasap Slobodan Milosevic. Nobody in the world cared about that. New York Times, April 26, 1987, will describe an unfortunate moment of Balkan history: Serbia's “Thousands seeking better treatment in the region of the Albanian minority of Yugoslavia in Kosovo stayed up all night after ethnic clashes. This occurred after a Friday incident that sparked tensions between Albanians of the region and other ethnic groups. The clashes were also another blow to the Yugoslav government, which currently faces economic problems and labour riots, on the eve of Prime Minister Branko Milliq's first anniversary of the government. In this incident, a crowd of 15 thousand Serbs and Montenegrins threw stones at the police, as they used rubber sticks to prevent them from joining Kosovo's cultural centre. The riots occurred after Slobodan Milosevic, chief of Serbia's Communist Party, was meeting with a delegation of Serbs and local Montenegrins to discuss their complaints. Tanjug news agency quoted Mr. Milosevic saying those who ordered the use of sticks” will be disciplined.

It is about his visit on April 24, 1987, where that crowd will be addressed in words that will later be described as the beginning of the end of communist Yugoslavia and the Balkan horror: “!

The head of Kosovo's Executive Council was Sosa Jashari, who, along with Azem Vlasi, will be politically eliminated by Milosevic. Jashar was one of the most courageous politicians, who has not even given Milosevic a hand for greetings at a meeting.

From this time on, Serbs give birth to the term “Honest Albanian”, meaning Albanians played towards Milosevic's policies. And, in power, they established Serbian power.

Milosec and Vlasi in Fushe Kosovo (1987)

As Milosevic launched a march of madness this year that would cause war in Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo (10 years later), US President Ronald Reagan was undertaking policies that will make the world a safer place.

On June 12th, during a visit to Berlin, he holds one of the most powerful speeches in the decade, addressing Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, with these words: “General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalisation: Come to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this”!

With the Soviets, he will sign a treaty that will eliminate nuclear missiles and explosives in the 500-1,000 domain and 1,000-5,500km. By 1991, 2,692 such missiles will be eliminated.

Reagan in Berlin

On November 7th, power in Tunisia will take over Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. With its fall in 2011, the wave of uprisings to be known as “Arab Spring” will begin. The countries that affect this change the most are, besides Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Yemen, Bahrejni and Syria (still in bloody internal war).

This year the known actors will die, like: Rita Hayworth, Fred Astaire, John Houston, Lee Marvin and Mary Astor. And the most famous pop-artist Andy Warhol, who during his exhibition, in 1968 in Stoklohm, Sweden, will also say this word “Yarlitical”: “In the future, each will be famous for 15 minutes”.

His saying is worth more than ever.

Andy Warhol

1997: CAOS IN THE SHOW, HAPPINESS IN COSOW

In 1997, the Albanian state fell. An antigovernmental movement will start in Lushnje on 24 January, ending 24 July with Sali Berisha's resignation from the post of president. It was the bankruptcy of pyramid schemes, which three-billion-dollar savings of Albanians.

The first pyramid scheme in Albania was reportedly installed in 1991 by Kosovo Albanian Hajdin Sejda. Since he won, 24 other companies followed his model. Albanians were easily ensnared by greed for quick and heavy enrichment. It is about giving a certain amount of money and receiving a greater amount from high rates of return. Although the International Monetary Fund sought to close these schemes, Alexander Meksi's Government allowed the event. And when companies went bankrupt and the money was lost, the country plunged into chaos. There was no army, no police. The state fell under gang control.

Albania under the rule of the strays (Banda of Crrick, band of “Mandela”, band of “kami “, “Chebens band”, “band Gangs of Kavaja Road, Lushaj Band, Light Organization, Light Day Organization, Organisation “Justice “, Shoot <x1213>, Shooting Group, Tansch Gang, Tribute Band, Tribute Band, Berisha Group <x14%>, Gang of Fissis “, Okatuka Group”, Group <xMach> Carbonara loon”, Road Group “Myslym Sjei”, emijano Shulluz Grid.

In 1997, the word that was used is “rebel”. That is what Albanians, who destroyed the state and in March, brought the country into the state of civil war. Nearly 4,000 Albanians die in this chaos. Bashkim Gazidede, SHIK chief, accused the US secret service CIA, Greek Asphilia and Yugoslav The UDB had promoted and financed the rebels.

Fatos Nano and Bashkim Fino

On March 9th, the National Accession Government is formed, led by the Finon Union, head of the late Gjirokastra. On March 11th, the South Committee is established, demanding Berisha's resignation and Vlora's proclamation to the country's capital. Vlora was actually in the hands of criminal Zani Chaushi. So incompetent was the state that Caush is entrusted with protecting Italian Prime Minister Romano Prodi during his visit to Vlora on April 13th of this year.

On March 13th, Fatos Nano of Ramiz Alia prison is released. On March 28th, the United Nations approves Resolution 1101 for humanitarian aid to Albania. The same day will happen what is known as Otrato's Tragedy. On March 28th, 115 persons head off from the coast of Vlora to Italy, with the ship that had kidnapped the rebels, called the “Cateria of Rada”. The ship sank after a blow from an Italian warship in the waters of Otrato. 81 people drowned. Most on the ship were family people who wanted to flee from the horrors that overwhelmed Albania.

On April 15th, the international mission Alba, with nearly 7,000 soldiers, arrives in Albania to restore order and law in the country. The June 29th elections, which were held under abnormal conditions, were won by the Socialist Party. Berisha resigned, and the new Parliament elected President Rexhep Mejidani, who mandated Nano as the new prime minister.

The rebel symbol became three fingers (such as Serbs)

In this year of crisis, Leka Zogu, son of Ahmet Zogu, returns to Albania. In Tirana, it ends in military uniform. It requires popular referendum on the return of the monarchy to the country. But when two-thirds vote against it, he organises a demonstration accusing him of manipulation of the result. From the clash of demonstrators with police, five people remain dead. Leka leaves Albania again.

Leka Zogu in Tirana

Anarchy in Albania deepened even more the north-south, platoon and tobacco divisions. That contributed to politics, identifying the north with the Democratic Party and the south with the Socialist Party. Writer Ismail Kadare, about this situation then said: Albania's “Time was back in civil war between nationalists and communists in 1943-44x1>. Meanwhile, academic Rexhep Qosja has called it: “delay democratic revolution”!

Out of chaos in Albania, the north remained virtually uncontrolled. And, from this part of Albania, it will become the largest supply of weapons for the war to begin in Kosovo.

Ship “Rada”

On 31 January, at an ambush by Serbian forces fall the first martyrs of the last liberation war in Kosovo -- Zahir Pajaziti, Hakif Zejnullahu and Edmond Hoxha. Pajaziti was traveling from Pristina to Vushtrri, along with Zejrullah and Hoxha. Serb forces had been ambushed in the village of Pestovo. In 2008, on the 11th anniversary of the fall, Kosovo President Fatmir Sejdiu awarded them Kosovo's highest state decoration, the Hero Order of Kosovo.

On May 6, 1997, Luan Haradinaj, along with Brother Ramush, with Fehmi Ludrovci, Xhev Krasniqi-Lladrovcin, Ilaz Kodra, Adedin Reghe, Selim Krasniqi, Rafet Rama, Ramiz Laldrovcin, Emrush Xhemajli, Ali Ahmeti, the other Ghana, were heading for the border near the village of Vlahne Hasi, in direction of Kuzhin. That day, Serb forces were ambushed. The lion, who led the warriors, is killed without turning 24 years. With this case, Rafet Rama is severely injured, and more easily Ramush Haradinaj and Fehmi Ladrovci.

Hakif Zamenu, Zahir Pajaziti and Edmond Hoxha

Kosovo was under classical occupation. The lesson was held in the house. To challenge this situation and demand the right to return to university objects, a peaceful student protest is held. The protest starts in Pristina's “neighbourhood Velania”. This neighborhood was surrounded by police forces that day. Such forces were at every intersection in Pristina. Only in “Vulani” were reportedly over 400 policemen. The number of students is said to have been over 15 grand. But the march towards the facilities of the university will be violently interrupted by Serbian police forces.

These protests, along with Kosovo Liberation Army activities (UÇK), will mark a turning moment in Kosovo's history. For these developments, the New York Times in October 1997 will publish the article entitled Subtitles:. “Washington, who has promised to hold economic sanctions on Serbia until Kosovo's rights are restored, has done enough to help, but that's not enough. A year ago, Mr. President. Milosevic agreed with educational reforms that would allow Albanian-language instruction. Nothing happened. Washington must step up pressure on Belgrade to realise this and other reforms, especially by ending arbitrary prisons and beatings. There is almost no foreign presence in Kosovo. Observers are needed, as are a special US envoy to Kosovo”says this article.

Protest view of October 1, 1997: Muhamet Mavray, Bujar Dugolli, Rector Ejup Statovci, Driton Lajci and Albin Kurti

In 1996, British weekly “The European” published the article of a French military expert saying The German, civil and military service “is involved in training and equipping rebels in order to increase Germany's influence in the Balkans... KLA birth in 1996 coincides with the appointment of Hansjoerg Geiger at the helm of BND (German secret service)”. This same year, KLA representatives reportedly meet members of US, British and Swiss secret services. The Sunday Times will write that The U.S. subx0gens have admitted to training KLA prior to NATO bombings in 1999”.

Actually, The KLA had undertaken shares against Serbian police stations. It seems strange, but when Serbian media broadcast the news about these attacks, most Albanians believed these are insinuations of Serbia. Such was the perception of even, for example, the explosion of the car of the violent sector of the University of Pristina, anti-Albanian Radivoje Papovic, on 16 January 1997 The pope survived the assassination.

KLA emblem (first used Albanian Army emblem)

This year, Nat Hasani will be arrested and sentenced to 48 years in prison. But since under the criminal law of then-Yugoslavia maximum sentence was 20 years, Hasani is sentenced to 20 years in severe prison. In June 1998, in his prison cell in Pristina, he is visited by the Serbian Justice Minister who asks him. “What are you thinking of doing after 20 years?”, he is said to have asked the Serb. Nat answers: Not after 20 years, but after a very short time I'll be free and you'll be imprisoned”. And among those who were sentenced was Bislim Zogaj, for they could not arrest him, and Adam Yashar was also punished.

On October 16, 1997, the other member of Klicina will be killed KLA, Adrian Krasniqi. He's killed during an attack on the police station. In this attack, Muje Krasniqi, Ilir Konushevci and Kemim Kelmendi were with him. Adrian was dressed in military uniform.

View of Nat Hasani's Judgment

Serbia exercised violence and terror in Kosovo. People were beaten, arrested, and punished arbitraryly. Thousands of thousands take the course of the kurbeth. While, those who stayed, most of them lived in great poverty, since the majority of Albanians had long been laid off in state organizations and companies. Survival depended on the help of the exile. Thus, in addition to the peaceful resistance represented by Ibrahim Rugova, there was now another option of salvation seen in armed warfare.

Thus, on November 25th 1997, Kosovo Liberation Army forces attacked police forces in Skyright's Vovnik. The next day, November 26, an expedition of 10 automobiles and other motor vehicles headed for the village. After four hours of fighting, Serbian forces withdrew. In their pull, they started firing. At the Lausa village school, their bullets will kill master Halit Geci.

At Geci's funeral, on behalf of the LDK and Ibrahim Rugova, Fatmir Sejdiu will also attend. That one means: Despite the intensity and violence and terror, we cannot be stopped on the road to independence, which we have begun and insisted that we achieve... I'm calling to insist on the start-up”!

Images from Halit Geci burial

Teacher Halit Geci's burial will be remembered for something else: the KLA's public appearance. In the village of Aqareve, the day before this decision was made. The purpose was for crowds to dedicate a talk that would be like a call for mobilization and preparation for war. Thus, ahead of the measures came Rexhep Selimi, Daut Haradinaj and Muje Krasniqi. The speech Selimi gave that mask on his face was this:

Brothers and sisters, mothers and fathers, relatives of our brother Halit Gecaj!

On behalf of the Army for the liberation of Kosovo, we express sincere condolences and inform you that we share the pain with you. The Albanian people on its own lands -- here in captive Kosovo -- for years and decades have experienced more inhuman oppression and violence from Serb invaders.

We were killed, imprisoned, and slaughtered by the best sons and daughters of our defenseless people.

One of these acts of violence in Serbian territory is also the murder of our esteemed master, Halit Gecaj of Lyusha, as well as the barbarous murder of Ismet Jocate from Decani. Murder, violence, discrimination and terror spread on this Serbian occupation people. He killed children, young people, teachers in schools, farmers in the fields. He killed what he didn't kill.

But one day from among this people was born the Kosovo Liberation Army, as the only serious force for realising our people's ideals and aspirations for our national union. Among this army are the best sons and daughters of the people, those who dedicated their lives to freedom.

The KLA has been brought to the forefront of the war for Kosovo's liberation for four years. He has taken some liberation actions against invaders through his most sensitive points, as well as against his Albanian-speaking associates, co-organists. The fist of righteousness, the fist of strength, the fist of the people will fall on them. Over anyone who dares to violate the ideals and signs of our people.

Our holy war will take place until our deliverance until our national union. One of our efforts against the enemy was the first possible battle in the villages of Drenica. There was great material and human damage, so he was forced to pull the grain. Unable to confront our forces, killed innocent people, thrown into homes and schools.

Brothers, many political parties and associations have emerged on our political scene, which speak allegedly in the name of protecting people's interests. Some of them try to degrade our holy war with their pacifist stand. We tell them enough! Enough of a day the story will curse you!

The blood of the fallen will become the bridge that will unite us all around the Kosovo Liberation Army, unite us all in the struggle for the liberation of Kosovo that only thus will our lands see the light of freedom.

Glory to the fallen for freedom! ”.

KLA's first public appearance: Daut Haradinaj, Rexhep Selimi, Muja Krasniqi

Nobel Peace Prize winner Malala Yousafzai will be born in 1997, while Albania's Gonge Bojaxhiu St. Teresa of Calcutta dies.

In China the politician who started economic reforms with which he opened his country to the world, Deng Xiaoping. Also, this year, they will die: lead representative Bit Generia, Allen Gingsberg; singers Jeff Buckley, Michael Huttence and John Denver; great explorer, Jacques Cousteau; actors Robert Mitchum, James Stewart and Toshiro Mifune, who have excellent films of the great director, Akira Kurosawa; and Princess of Wales, Diana, whose burial will be attended by two billion people in the world.

In 1997 Steve Jobs returns to the company he had founded, Apple, while Microsoft will buy 150 million dollars in shares of this company facing major financial problems.

French musician Jean Michel Jarre, in Moscow will break his record of 3.5 million people at the concert. And, in Macedonia, after joining the Party for Democratic Prospers and the Democratic People's Party, the Albanian Democratic Party is formed. Her leader becomes Arber Xhaferi.

Tony Blair, Madeleine Albright and Bill Clinton

This year in Great Britain and the US, appointments will be made in office of people who will save the Kosovo Albanian people. After 18 years, in Britain the labists assume power, with Tony Blair as prime minister. And in the US, Bill Clinton will give the oath of second term as president, and Madeleine Albright will be the first female in the post of Secretary of State. These three names will be crucial to Kosovo's freedom.

Also, in 1997 was the first anniversary of the event seen as the hope of saving Albanians -- opening the American Cultural Office, whose chief was Michael McClellan. Rugova said of this event: We have a beautiful American home in Kosovo today. Now we've celebrated her first birthday”.

Michael McClellan

2007: COSOVA IN PRAG PEACE, WORLD WRITER IN EPOCA PRAG RRENAVE

On 24 January, the Council of Europe Assembly approves Resolution 1533 regarding Kosovo's final status. Some of the project articles were removed because some states voted against it. One of the articles was about independence, where it said Kosovo should gain independence to ensure peace in the Balkans. The resolution that was adopted did not contain the word independence, but said a negotiated solution is preferred by this council, and if this solution is not achieved then it is necessary for the final solution to be imposed.

On February 2nd, Martti Ahtisaari presents his draft plan in Pristina and Belgrade for Kosovo's conditional independence. His plan included measures to ensure the protection of community rights and members, decentralisation and protection of cultural and religious heritage. Furthermore, the agreement outlines constitutional, economic and security measures meant to contribute to the development of a multiethnic Kosovo. One important element is the mandate given to an international civilian and military presence in Kosovo, to oversee implementation of the Agreement and to assist competent Kosovo authorities in ensuring peace and stability throughout Kosovo. Deposits of the Agreement will take priority over all other legal provisions in Kosovo.

Martti Ahtisaari and UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon

On 10 February, the Vetevendosje Movement organises protests in Pristina against the Ahtisaari Pacos. Police responded violently to the protesters. Tens of them were hurt. Two people have died from injuries received from bullets fired by Romanian UNMIK police officers. The dead were Arben Xheladin (1972) from Pristina and Mon Balaj (1976) from Besiana. On 12 February, Kosovo Interior Minister Fatmir Rexhepi resigned. He says he feels moral responsibility even though UNMIK police officers were not under his control. On February 14, 2007, Stephen Curtis, chief of international police in Kosovo, also resigns after the request of Chief Administrator Joachim Ruecker.

On March 10th, negotiations end in Vienna, since the Albanian and Serbian sides have opposing positions. On March 15th, Marti Ahtisaari's associate, Albert Rohan, submits the proposal for Kosovo's status to the UN. While on March 26th, Ahtisaari submits the final report to the UN Security Council. The report says Kosovo should become independent. Ahtisaari's proposal will be approved by the Kosovo Assembly on 5 April. For independence, the most powerful states in the world say: US, Great Britain, France and Germany. On May 15th, American Secretary of State Condolezza Rice in Moscow means: Kosovo will never again be part of Serbia. This is impossible”!

Image by protest of February 10, 2007

On June 13th, the Unity Team announces the 15-day contest for Kosovo flag and logo, where it reportedly “Each proposal must adhere to the spirit and content of the comprehensive proposal for resolving Kosovo status”. It is then said that no Albanian symbol should be used and that no red and black colors (because of Albania's flag) should be used.

Kosovo's independence begins to be called a unique case in the world, or a Sui genius!

This year, November 17th 2007, parliamentary elections are held in Kosovo. The results were these: The Democratic Party of Kosovo wins 196,207 votes (34.3 per cent); The Democratic League of Kosovo wins 129,410 votes (22.6 per cent), the Democratic League of Dardania wins 57,000 votes (10 per cent), the New Kosovo Alliance wins 70,165 votes (9.6 per cent), and the Alliance for the Future of Kosovo wins 54,611 votes (9.6 per cent). The next government will be formed by the PDK and the LDK.

Appointment UNMIK with UN Security Council ambassadors

On January 8th, Albania's president, Alfred Moisiu, criticises the political class that was not familiar with local elections, with these words: “With unprecedented behaviour, reflecting as irresponsible and arrogant, as well as lack of mutual will and trust, the political class has failed to find consensus”.

January 20th as the date for elections, will be moved on February 18th. Attention focuses on the battle for Tirana, where socialist Edi Rama and Democrat Sokol Olldashi faced. Rama wins for the third time in Tirana.

Another problem was the election of the new president. With Fatos Nano's help, president is elected deputy leader of the Democratic Party, Bamir Topi.

But, Albania's biggest event, and generally for Albanians, was the visit that US President George W. Bush. During the visit, he clearly said the Kosovo issue would end with its independence. “Independence is the goal. This is what the people of Kosovo need to know”Bush said this case.

Bush in Albania

The Iraq war was one of the main topics for 2007, as well as the sending of 30,000 other American troops there. This American war was the subject of debate both inside and outside the United States. Because Iraq had become one of the most dangerous places in the world. Just on February 3rd, when a suicide bomber blows up a truck filled with a ton of explosives in a Baghdad Shiite neighbourhood, 130 people and 305 will be killed.

In 2007 there was fighting among rival Palestinian groups, which essentially caused the two-way division of territories: Hamas controlled the Gaza Strip, while Fatah controlled the West Coast. While in Pakistan, President Pervez Musharraf finally agrees to leave the post of Army chief. This year, former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto will be killed, along with 20 others during an electoral rally.

Benazir Bhutto

In Burma there were protests against the military junta. Protests were led by Buddhist monks, and they were violently oppressed. UN Emisari Ibrahim Gambari tries to establish dialogue between military and opposition Aung San Suu Kyi. The latter, Nobel Peace Prize winner in 2017, is Burma's prime minister, who will be silent for power crimes against Muslims Rosingia.

In Russia, Vladimir Putin indicated that when he leaves the presidential post in March, he wants his first deputy prime minister, Dmitry Medvedev. On the other hand, Medvedev said he would like Putin to be prime minister.

Violence in Sudan remains one of the greatest humanitarian concerns. The Darfur region continues to be plagued by conflicts. During the past four years, at least 200 thousand people have died, and millions more have been left homeless.

Darfur, 2007

In 2007, ICQ was the most popular online communication platform. This year begins mass use of social networks, while the WordPress platform allowed each to create a website very easily. The new era of false news begins in 2007. The use of smart phones has also helped them, especially after June 29, 2007, when Steve Jobs presents the first generation of iPhone product.

Steve Jobs with his iPhone.

2017: Z BE PRAY

The power of man who ruled for 37 years in Zimbabwe, Robert Mugabe, came to a humiliating end in old age when army tanks took to the streets of Harare. As he left the country in poverty, his monthly salary was approximately $19,000, larger than the leaders of developed countries, such as the Netherlands, Slovenia, Ireland, Hungary, Finland...

Terrible crimes are taking place in Burma in 2017. Rohingy and Muslim faith are more violated than any other minority in the world. 400,000 of them were forced to leave their lands and flee to Bangladesh. In August and September alone, nearly 7,000 of them were killed.

Ruthingia Refugees

2017 marks the beginning of the end of the terrorist group known as the Islamic State (ISIS), while reforms by Prince Mohammad bin Salman aimed at eliminating corruption and modernising society.

One of the world's greatest peacemakers was North Korea with its threats to the use of nuclear weapons. On the other hand, it was the U.S.'s determination to counter the eventual attacks, until the break-up of this country. Media and analysts reports said the world has never been closer to a nuclear war. Besides these developments, the world is getting even more warm, and the world's greatest power, the U.S., does nothing for them <x0... cooled” In fact, the head of this country, Donald Trump, annuls participation in the Paris Climate Agreement while promoting additional tensions in the Near East when accepting Jerusalem as Israel's new capital.

Some major events marked Europe in 2017. Great Britain begins the process of leaving the EU, France wins Emmanuel Macron, and in Germany Angela Merkel again. This year, far-right forces take more and more powers every time, while in Spain the referendum on the independence of Catalonija is held, with what central power it reacts by appointing new regional elections and dismissing the government and canceling the region's autonomy.

Referendum Supporters in Catalan

In 2017, Macedonia entered into a political crisis because of the difficulty of forming the government after extraordinary parliamentary elections on December 11, 2016. On April 27th, Macedonian Parliament Speaker Talat Xhaferi will be named for the first time. Its appointment angered members of the so-called “initiative for joint Macedonia”, attacking the Parliament and hurting about 100 people. On 17 May, Macedonia's president, Gjorge Ivanov, handed the mandate to Zoran Zaev, leader of the Social Democratic League of Macedonia (LSDM) to form the new government in Macedonia. On November 2nd, the sentence of 37 men accused of fighting in May 2015 in Kumanovo occurs. They received prison sentences of 12 to 40 years.

Talat Xhaferi

Meanwhile, on February 18th, the opposition in Albania, led by the Democratic Party, began the three-month protest in the tent set out at “Nation's witnesses” in Tirana. Their request was the resignation of Edi Rama's government, the establishment of a technical government and the organisation of parliamentary elections.

On April 28th, Ilir Meta is elected president of the country. The 25 June parliamentary elections are held. Albania's Socialist Party wins by securing 70 deputies. The Democratic Party won 43 mandates; The Socialist Movement for Integration Party 19 mandates; The Justice, Integration and Unity Party three mandates; and the Social Democratic Party a mandate. On 9 September, Gramoz Ruci of the Socialist Party is elected chairman of Albania's Parliament. And, on 13 September, Edi Rama gets MPs' vote of confidence for the second governing mandate.

On November 27th, the Government of the Republic of Albania and the Government of Kosovo have held the fourth joint meeting in the city of Korca, while several agreements and co-operation protocols were signed at the end of that, which are never producing any implementation or results.

Image by opposition protest in Albania

The year 2017 was with many surprises in Kosovo. On 4 January, Kosovo Alliance for the Future Party Chairman Ramush Haradinaj is banned by French authorities, given a Serbia warrant issued in 2004. He will be released April 27th.

On January 14th, a provocation occurs: from Serbia a train is launched, aimed at launching the Belgrade-Mitrovica railway line. The move was praised by the Kosovo side as a serious provocation, since there were notes on the train that Kosovo is Serbia. The train did not enter, and everyone in Kosovo began to push off the train. But the truth is the train was stopped by... the motorman! Even on February 4th, another “battled” for credit: the collapse of an illegal wall north of the Iber River. In fact, every day trains come from Serbia north of the country, and that wall is not completely gone!

Testations from Serbia do not stop so-called “Russian Treni”

On March 7th, Republic of Kosovo President Hashim Thaci initiated the draft law on transforming the Kosovo Security Force (FSK), which envisions changing the existing mandate of this force in the Kosovo Army. But he withdrew because the internationals said the military should be formed with constitutional changes.

On May 10th falls the government led by Isa Mustafa. Kosovo entered new election waves.
On June 11th, early general elections are held in the Republic of Kosovo, where they competed with 26 political subjects: 19 political parties, five coalitions and two initiatives with a total of 971 candidates. The results were these: Coalition PAN (PDK-AAK-NISMA) won 33,74 per cent of the vote (39 deputies); Vetevendosje Movement won 27.49 per cent of the vote (32 deputies); coalition LAA ( The LDK-AKR-Alternatives won 25,53 per cent of the vote (29 MPs). Meanwhile, 20 MPs are from minority parties.

The country entered a new deadlock that was chosen on September 7th when Kadri Wessel, chairman of The PDK was elected chairman of the Kosovo Assembly. While, on September 9th, Ramush Haradinaj barely elections prime minister, by 61 votes. The new Kosovo government, the most fragile to date, was formed by the coalition of these parties: The Democratic Party of Kosovo (PDK), Alliance for the Future of Kosovo (AAK), NISMA for Kosovo, New Kosovo Alliance (AKR) and the Serbian List.

KSF transformation will be the subject of 2018

On October 22nd, local elections were held in 38 Kosovo municipalities. A coalition, 35 political parties, 30 civic initiatives and 25 independent candidates participated in these elections. After the runoff held on November 19th, the result was this: The LDK wins eight municipalities (Pej, Lipjan, Fushe Kosovo, Year, Gjilan, Istog, Podujevo, Vushtrri), AAK wins seven municipalities (Decan, Junik, Gjakova, Kline, Obilic, Suhareka, Rahovec), PDK wins five municipalities (Drenas, Dragash, Kacanik, Shtime, Ferizaj), Vetevendosje wins three municipalities (Pristina, Prizren, Kamenica), the initiative wins in Malisheva, AKR in South Mitrovica, while two independent candidates win in Skenderaj (Bekim Jashari) and Han of Elez (Refki Suma). And the Serbian List wins nine municipalities.

Madagascar and Bangladesh recognise Kosovo's independence. While in December, Kosovo risks reports with international friends from an initiative to abolish the Special Court. The country has also not resolved the demarcation issue with Montenegro. On the eve of the 10th anniversary of independence, Kosovo continues to be the most isolated country in Europe and with the darkest prospect as a result of high-level unemployment and corruption.

The global economy has seen growth this year, while innovation was increasing the value of crypto-values.

In 2017, actors Jerry Lewis and Roger Moore (who in 1973-1985 played in six James Bond movies), musicians Chuck Berry, Fats Domino and Tom Petty, publisher of Playboy magazine, whose life many dreamed of Hügh Hefner; director Jonathan Demme; diplomats Zbigniew Brzezinski and the man who brought Germany together, Helmut Kohl; Albanologist Robert Elsie; Kosovo actors Hadi Shehu and Blerim Peci; writers Ramiz Kelmendi, Dritaro Agolli of Murteza Nura...

Frequent views of visa seekers, ahead of Western embassies in Pristina

2027: MUGABE?

Names mentioned in 1997 dominated the Kosovo political scene until 2017. Mugabe, born in 1924, is already dead. That's for sure! Maybe...! ?