Do you know why Valentine's Day is celebrated?

Valentine's Day is a widely known saint who lived in the third century in Rome, remembered on February 14.

He's been connected since the Middle Ages to the symbol of genuine love. Nothing is known for him but the fact that his name was Valentine's and that he died on February 14th on the <x0->Flaminia” north of Rome.

Today, Valentine's Day is a holiday in the Anglican community and Protestant. The Orthodox Church celebrates the day of St. Valentine's priest on July 6th, and Valentine's Day on July 30th. Valentine's Day is celebrated in many parts of the world, even though it is a work day. This day was first linked to love from the verses of Geoffrey Coucer in the Middle Ages, when romance's tradition flourished. Today's symbols for Valentine's Day are hearts, pigeons, and Cupid angel. In the 19th century, dedications for Valentine's Day were given through cards, which became very popular.

Historical Facts

Many Christian martyrs were called Valentin. The martyred Valentines on February 14 are Valentine of Rome and Valentine of Tern. The first was a priest in Rome who was martyred in 269 AD and was buried on the “Flaminia”. On basilica “Santa Maria in Cosmodin” is exposed to Valentine's skull along with a crown of flowers. Other relics are found in the “basilica Santa Prassdere” and the church “Carmeliite” in Dublin, Ireland. Valentine of Tern became bishop of Interamna (now Tarn) in 197 AD and is said to have been martyred during the persecutions of Emperor Aurellian. It is also buried on “Flaminia”, but in a country different from that of Valentin Rome. Its relics are found in the “Saint Valentine” on Tern. The Catholic Encyclopedia also mentions another saint named Valentin, mentioned in early martyrs of February 14.

He became a martyr in Africa along with others, but no more facts are known about him. The Santa Claus legend. Bishop Dimitri of the Orthodox Research Institute states that Valentine was a priest in Rome in the 1970 ' s, a time when the church was undergoing great persecution. His task was to help Christians escape persecution and provide such rites as marriages forbidden by the Roman Empire. The data on Valentine's Day may have been destroyed at the beginning of the IV century by the recent and most serious persecution of Christians.

In the V and VI century, a work called “Passio Marii et Martha” was published. It reflected fictional stories about the martyrdom of Valentine's and other saints. This work declared that Valentine's Day was persecuted because he was a Christian and that he had been interrogated by Emperor Claudius II himself. The latter was impressed by Valentine and had long discussed with him, even trying to persuade him to return to pagan people to save his life. Valentin had refused and had instead tried to convert Claudius into a Christian, and he had been executed. Before he was executed, he had healed the blind daughter of the jailer Asterius.

From this miracle the daughter and forty - four members of her family had begun to believe in Jesus and had been baptized. St. Valentine was also noted for his unlawful marriage to soldiers who were forbidden to marry. Emperor Claudius II had banned this from raising his army, making them think that married men were not good soldiers. According to legend, in order to remind them of God's love and to encourage them to remain devout Christians, St. Valentine had cut off the parchments and had given them to soldiers and persecuted ones. This clue is described as the origin of hearts so popular on Valentine's Day. A later work added a detail in which Pope Julius I built a church on his grave, but this detail is confused with a tribuna named Valentino, whose linen donated land to build a church on it. Despite the untruth of this version, it was borrowed as real and circulated over the centuries, adding to Valentine's legend.

On the evening before his execution, Valentine's first Valentine's card went to the prison guard's daughter, who was no longer blind. The expression “From your Valentin” used in that letter is still known today. History became known today by publication by the largest American card company and the television channel of history. John Fox, an English historian, says that St. Valentine's was buried in the Praxedes Church in Rome near St. Hippolytus. According to legend, Julia planted a pink almond stalk in Valentine's tomb. Nowadays, pink almond trees are a symbol of true love and friendship. Traditional Roman rituals, Lupercalia. There is no evidence to link Valentine's Day and traditional festivals of ancient Rome, despite claims by some authors. Contemporary sources claim a link between the Greek-Roman February holidays, which, according to them, celebrated fertility and love.

On the other hand, Valentine's Day had no romantic meaning until Geoffrey Coucer, an English writer, wrote a poem about Valentine in the 14th century. Previous relationships focused on sacrifice, more than love and romance. In the calendars of ancient Athens, the mid - January and mid - February period was the lion's month, dedicated to the holy marriage of Zeus and Time.

In ancient Rome, Lupercalia was a local festival, celebrated from February 13th-15th and was an ancient ritual related to fertility. Alban Butler in his work “The life of the main saints” claims without any proof that at the festival Lupercalia, men and women to become mates wrote their names and put them in a glass container from which today's love letters originate. In fact, this practice was encountered in the Middle Ages and has nothing to do with Lupercalian or Valentine's Day.

Valentine's Day in poetry. Valentine's first link to love was poetry “Parliament of Seals”, written in 1382 by Jeffrey Kaucer. The verse that made this day known was:“For this was Valentine's Day, when each bird flew to select its partner...” This poem was written in honor of the first anniversary of King Richard's marriage II of England with Anna of Bohemia. The marriage contract was signed on May 2, 1381, but their marriage took place eight months later after they were only 15. Readers believe that Kucre referred to February 14th, Valentine's Day.

On the other hand, controversy continues with the fact that mid - February is not the right time for couples to mate. Other scholars therefore believe that Krauss was referring to May 3rd, Valentine's Day from Genoa, a priest who died about 307. Jack Orc suggests that Kaucer may be referring to the February 23rd period with the Gregorian calendar, at which certain species of birds began mateing in England. There are two other authors who created poems about birds choosing their partners on Valentine's Day, John Gouer of Britain, and a warrior named Pardo from Valencia. To this day, it is not clear who made Valentine's first bond with love and romance. Valentine's Day in the medieval period and the British Renaissance using the language of the law, Princess Isabel of Bavaria had established a <x0-NDWlght love” in Paris of the 1400s. The Bavarez Valentine's Festival was founded on 6 January, based on the “Folder of the Court of Love”.

The court dealt with love contracts, treason, and violence against women. Judges were selected by women on the basis of reading a poem. There is not enough historical evidence to confirm this festival, so many scholars think it is probably a story forged by the princess. The earliest tests of Valentine's are in the 15th century with a poem written by Charlie, the Duke of Orleans for his wife.

At that time, Duke was being held in the Tower of London, captured in the battle of Agincourt, 1415. Another mention of Valentine is in Margarit Breus' letters to her future husband, John Patton. It writes my dear and good “Valentin”. Valentine's Day is also mentioned with sadness by Ofelia in the “Hamleti” (1600-1601). Tomorrow is Valentine's Day, very early in the morning... I'll come to your window please, make me your Valentine” William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act IV, scene 5 John Don used bird - marriage legend as the opening of Elizabeth's wedding talk, the daughter of James I of England with Frederick V on Valentine's Day. The modern poem that mentions Valentine's Day is Geimer Jourton's verse. The “The roses are red, blue, honey is sweet and you are too. You're my love and I'm yours. I asked my Valentine and fate brought me to you”

Valentine's Day in the Modern Age

In 1797, a British publisher released the book “Valentine's Manuale for Boys”. It contained romantic lyrics for boys who could not create them themselves. The publisher went on to produce cards ready for Valentine's Day.

It thus became possible to send for the first time on anonymous cards, where cheap verses appeared, unlike the Victorian era. St. Valentine's letters became famous in England at the beginning of the 20th century, when they began to be made in factories. The letter was then wrapped in strips and laces. The discovery of Valentine's Day took place in 1840 by an American writer of the monthly magazine “Grahm”, which mentioned that Valentine's had become a national holiday. In the United States, the first massive produce of Valentine's cards took place in 1847 by Esther Howland. Her father ran a large library, his daughter, encouraged by Valentine's English party, thought he could do the same in America. He thus began to receive the necessary paper material used and the ornamental strips. Since 2001, the Cartoline Association has decided to charge the “Esther Howland” prize for the person who is noted as a visionary in the field of card creation.

Valentine's sweets in Britain are estimated to be estimated that every year, almost half the population spends 1.3 billion pounds on Valentine's Day buying cards, flowers, chocolates or other gifts. The number of cards sent out is thought to total 25 million. In the second half of the 20th century, the practice of sending cards radically changed the way they made gifts. Roses and chocolates packed in heart - shaped boxes began to be donated. In 1980 the diamond industry began advertising Valentine's Day as the right day to donate precious jewelry.

An estimated 190 million cards were sent each year to the United States. Half of them were donated to family members, including sending cards to schoolmates and schoolmates or even teachers, who account for the greatest wishes, thus bringing the number of cards donated up to 1 billion. With the beginning of the new millennium and the extraordinary spread of the internet, new traditions are being developed. Millions already use digital tools like electronic cards, invitations to love, or printed cards. In 2010, some 15 million electronic cards were estimated to have been sent.

Valentine's Day around the world.

In Europe, Valentine's Day is celebrated by sending cards, flowers, chocolates, and other gifts. In Denmark and Norway, Valentine's Day is not celebrated in large size, but there are those who celebrate it simply by having dinner with their partner.

In Sweden, St. Valentine is named “Hearts Day” and started in 1960, promoted by flower companies. It's not an official holiday, but it's known for big cosmetics and flowers sales.

In Finland and Estonia, Valentine's Day is called “Friends' Day” and is celebrated more in a friendly way, not in romance.

In Latin America, St. Valentine is known as “Love and Friendship Day” and is celebrated with expressions of gratitude in loved ones.

In South Korea and Japan, women donate chocolate to men on February 14th, and males donate them chocolate-free candy on March 14th, a holiday called “White Day”. In the “Black Day”, celebrated on April 15th, people who have not received any gifts celebrate singles ' day, eating a plate of black pasta.

In China, men donate chocolate and flowers to the women they love. Valentine's Day is not celebrated on February 14 as it is very close to the Chinese New Year.

Valentine's Day in China is celebrated on the seventh day of the seventh month at the “Qix” festival. According to legend, on this day a shepherd was allowed to marry a servant girl.

In ancient India, this festival was held in the context of an old tradition of worshiping the god of love Camadeva, carving monuments with love scenes or writing the famous art book “Kamassutra”.

Nowadays, Islamic and Hindu faith propaganda avoid holidays such as St. Valentine, since they are described as foreign traditions that affect the loss of local culture. In Iran, there is a love festival called “Esfandegan”, which comes as a tradition of Persian culture and seems to have nothing to do with Valentine's Day.

In Israel, the ancient tradition of Tu B'Av has become the equivalent of Valentine's. It is celebrated on the 15th day of August. Apparently, a new festival, similar to Valentine's, was born in the Jewish country, where love is celebrated and proposed for marriage.

In Saudi Arabia in 2011, sales of Valentine's gift were banned, naming it a Christian holiday. The same is true of Pakistan, Iran, and Malaysia, where the Muslim community urges society to reject and celebrate Valentine's Day because they think it is inappropriate for Muslims.

Curiosities

Women buy about 85 percent of Valentine's gifts.

Teachers receive more cards for Valentine's Day, followed by children, mothers, wives, girlfriends, and animals.

Valentine's best present is Taj Mahali, built by Muslim Emperor Shah Jahan, in honor of his dead wife.

Every Valentine's Day, in Verona, Italy, a thousand love letters are sent to Juliet's balcony. Two thousand marriage proposals are usually made every Valentine's Day.

In America, 64 percent of men do not plan for Valentine's Day with their girlfriends outside their marriage.

About 110 million red roses and a billion chocolates are sold and sent over three days before Valentine's Day celebration.